This is what American cities looked like a century ago (and what happened to them)... š§µ
1. Saratoga Springs, New York (1915)
Victorian-era Broadway of Saratoga Springs was immaculate, although it still looks quite similar today ā minus some of the elegant facades and verandas.
But other places weren't so lucky...
2. San Francisco, California (c.1876)
Most of San Fran's Victorian downtown was lost in the great earthquake (and fires) of 1906. Before then, it was routinely compared to Europe's finest metropolises: the "Paris of the Pacific"...
...and this was the old city hall, also destroyed in the earthquake which leveled most of the city.
3. Detroit, Michigan (1901)
You'll be surprised to know Detroit was sometimes called the "Paris of the Midwest" ā due to its French origins, but also its elegant architecture that sprung up during its prosperous years...
...and this is what the Belle Isle ferry dock was like in 1905.
4. Los Angeles, California (1928)
Downtown L.A. in the Victorian era was dramatically different. This entire district of 19th century buildings was razed to "renew" the Civic Center neighborhood...
...and this was Long Beach in 1910. There was a famous amusement zone called "the Pike" that was demolished in 1970s.
5. Kansas City, Missouri (1906)
Then you had inner cities that were lost to the great highways. Entire districts of Kansas City were infamously stripped out for the interstate.
6. Cincinnati, Ohio (1910)
Suburbanization and deindustrialization cratered populations of cities like Cincinnati, which were once bustling. Over 500k people lived there in 1950 ā and only 300k today...
...and the new interstates played no small part in this, in some cases displacing tens of thousands of people.
7. New York City, New York (1916)
Most major cities had street cars that carried people to work ā even New York. The City Hall Post Office in this image also no longer exists: it was considered a "monstrosity" back then and razed in 1939.
This was Broad Street at the turn of the century. The street was designed with carriages in mind, but people and vehicles shared the space without much regulation at this point...
...and this was Times Square before the billboards.
8. Salem, Massachusetts (c.1910)
The railroads were of course a casualty of motorcar dominance. This grand depot in Salem no longer exists.
9. Chicago, Illinois (1893)
Several cities transformed themselves for the World's Fairs. Chicago was the most impressive: erecting the mighty "White City" in Jackson Park in just two years.
These were temporary structures, almost all demolished after the event.
10. Buffalo, New York (1901)
Buffalo is also unrecognizable in photos taken during its Pan-American Exposition. Back then, it was a boom town and powerhouse of industry...
...and downtown was dominated by great buildings like the Romanesque Erie County Savings Bank.
It was later demolished in an "urban renewal" project of the 1960s...
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A thread of astonishing details (and anatomical accuracies) in sculpture š§µ
1. The imprint of Pluto's hand on the thigh of Proserpina...
Baroque sculptor Bernini achieved a true illusion of human flesh. But The Abduction of Proserpina (1622) also contorted stone into other amazing details ā like the curls of Pluto's beard...
2. Muscle in the forearm of Moses (1515)
Michelangelo understood the human body so well, he knew that when you raise your little finger, a tiny muscle in the forearm (called the 'extensor') contracts. He carved this detail into Moses...
Why is everywhere in America starting to lose its identity?
It's mostly because of one thing ā scale... (thread) š§µ
Dropped in any American city 100 years ago, you could probably tell immediately where you were.
Chicago's greystones, built from locally-quarried stone, or San Fran's Victorian rows would give it away ā places had unmistakable character.
For a long time, places have been getting more similar. Industrialization reduced reliance on local materials, and readily-available steel and concrete detached architecture from its environment.
What are the best-preserved wonders of Ancient Egypt besides the pyramids?
First, there's this 2,000-year-old temple ā celestial carvings cover every inch of its ceiling.
And that's still the original paint... (thread) š§µ
The Temple of Hathor near Luxor is one of the most immaculate temples we have, built by Cleopatra's father (Ptolemy XII) around 54 BC.
Very little daylight reaches the paintwork inside, so its blue glow never faded...
Just up the Nile is the Temple of Khnum in Esna.
Full-color reliefs of the zodiac and constellations adorn every surface, preserved for millennia beneath layers of soot. It was scraped away a few years ago, revealing this...