🧵Short thread while im posting on the French Navy to talk about the FDI's fancy integrated mast. 1/10
The Panoramic Sensor and Intelligence Module (PSIM) is a fully integrated mast hosting coms, EW, radars but also the entire Combat Information Center ! 2/10
This approach was pioneered by Naval Group on the Gowind class to save construction time 3/10
While less complex it already hosted radars and coms elements as well as the CIC, communication center, crypography and the coms transmition rooms. 4/10
The FDI's PSIM is significantly more complex with dozens of antennas from ESM to powerful AESA radar arrays. Integrating all this together while avoiding interferences was a difficult puzzle. Image by @christosKoffas 6/10
The PSIM being a single block allows for parrallel construction with the hull, early ground testing and integration to de-risk further trials. 7/10
This is part of a wider strategy by Naval Group to accelerate surface vessel production at its Lorient shipyard. 8/10
Once fully built and tested the PSIM is delicately slotted directly into the hull's heart. 9/10
While the FDI's first in class, Amiral Ronarc'h, suffered some inital delays, the construction of the following units (5x for France and 3/4 for Greece) is well underway at a good pace. Naval Group seems to have commited to this original but effective tehcnique. 10/10
Hope you have enjoyed this little thread ! @D__Mitch @800Tonnes @M51_4ever @xaviervav @navalgroup @FRHoffmann1 @heatloss1986 @Doha104p3 @ThrustWR @John_A_Ridge @StrategicTrends @MassiasThanos @VLO225
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One question I saw a few times was regarding Rafale production rate. It’s true that with 10 years worth of backlog at current production orders the credibility of France’s ability to rapidly deliver on orders can be called into question.
🧵 Thread on France's Ramjet Powered Air-Launched Nuke That May Protect Europe🇪🇺: The ASMPA-R. 1/22
Historically France's deterrence relied on the classic triad of Sea (SLBM), Ground (SRBM/IRBM) and Air with the AN-11 and AN-22, analogous to the US' B61/83. 2/22
However, rapid development of SAM technology in the 70s threatened the use of gravity bombs, prompting the French Air Force to look for a stand-off alternative. 3/22
The Dragon Eye: Thread On Chinese Destroyers’ Type 346 AESA Radar. 1/17
Being the most important sensor on China’s first rank destroyers, equivalent to the US Navy’s SPY-1/6s, understanding the “Dragon Eye” is critical to correctly evaluate the capabilities of the Chinese navy. 2/17
The development story of the Type 346 is unique in how much we know thanks to the wealth of information shared in 2016 online by one of its key architects who emigrated to North America. It must still be taken cautiously but seems very likely credible information. 3/17
Drones and the Future of Warfare: Remembering the Lessons of the Jeune Ecole.
A Thread to better understand the issues surrounding the idea that drones are changing warfare, using the lessons learnt from the French Jeune Ecole. 1/15
Since the War in Ukraine of 2022, and to some extend the Nagorno-Karabakh War of 2020, there has been prolific debates on how drones from the TB-2 to the FPV are changing warfare, making expensive legacy systems like tanks, jets or air-defense now obsolete. 2/15
These debates mirror the raging debates that took the French navy by storm in the end of the 19th century. Looking back at these debates gives us the benefit of hindsight and allows us not to repeat the same mistakes again. 3/15
Thread on the S-300P / S-400 Family: Part 5 Transporter Erector Launchers.
With its many iterations over the decades, the S-300P saw equally as many different TELs designs. From towed, self-propelled and connected ones, this thread will review the main evolutions. 1/11
A first overall comment is that S-300P TELs differ significantly from previous Soviet TELs with fully enclosed missile cannisters and cold-launched ejection. The disposition allowed for easier missiles handling, maintenance and 360° launch capability. 2/11
The initial TEL was the 5P851, a stop gap measure just like the system it equipped with, the S-300PT. Towed by a KrAZ-258 tractor, the trailer launcher can be deployed on an unprepared ground area with a slope of no more than 4º in the horizontal plane. 3/11
Thread on the S-300P / S-400 Family: Part 4 Target Engagement Radar. 1/14
As we saw in the previous part, in the S-300P systems threats are detected by the long-range radars transferring the tracking data to lower level dedicated engagement radar at the battery level. 2/14
These radars use PESA arrays to combine in a single platform target tracking, missile tracking, and depending on missile command types, sending information to guide the missile to its target. TThese radars usually use narrower band waves, typically X band or adjacent. 3/14