'COVID-19 can accelerate progression of dementia and induce BBB disruption and inflammatory blood clots causally linked with neuroinflammation and neuronal loss'.
BBB - Blood Brain Barrier.
Neurological sequelae of C-19 will be a huge challenge in the future.
1. I was at my local pharmacy this morning to pick up a prescription, and as I walked up to the counter, I immediately noticed that the elderly woman in front of me in the queue was wearing a blue surgical mask. She was adjusting it, pulling it up over her nose.
2. She was also quite obviously unwell, and frail in a manner very similar to the frailty my late mother first developed around 2017. As the pharmacist spoke to her, she adjusted her mask again, making sure it fully covered her nose and mouth.
3. As I waited, what I saw was this: a woman who is likely vulnerable to Covid-19, and has been told by her doctor to mask. A woman who probably has no access to information other than from her doctor and NHS leaflets. So she diligently wears her loose blue surgical mask.
1. Biological risk is both multifaceted and additive. Any of the following individual risks would be concerning; when combined, they effectively constitute a powder keg waiting for a spark:
2. The growth of antivaxx ideology globally (and its institutionalisation in policy).
The retreat of many national public health services due to political and public blowback from the response to Covid-19.
Climate change increasing the spread of many vector-borne pathogens.
3. The rapidly increasing global prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens.
Perturbation of the immune systems of the global population due to ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission.
1. 'Overall, our findings raise compelling questions about the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in accelerating or triggering neurodegenerative diseases linked to protein amyloidosis'.
An example of such a disease is Parkinson's Disease (PD).
2. As the article notes, a form of PD was a noted sequela of the Spanish Flu (many people who developed encephalitis lethargica went on to develop it).
Anosmia is a common prodomal symptom of PD.
3. As I have often stated, the moment I realised anosmia was a symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection was the moment I decided to take significant precautions to avoid infection.
Nothing should be surprising in these findings. It was obvious to me from 2020.
1. As a consultant analyst that generally presents to the C-suite of organisations, I am often asked to produce short, concise explanations of both biological and geopolitical risks. Regarding Covid-19, I use the same summary with both C-level clients and friends:
2. SARS-CoV-2 is a pathogen that can cause both acute and chronic disease. Vaccination reduces the severity of acute disease and the risk of developing chronic disease. However, current vaccines are insufficient to meaningfully reduce ongoing infection and transmission.
3. Since reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is the norm, and the risk of developing chronic disease following infection is always present, regardless of how many infections an individual has had, it is inevitable that chronic disease will increase at the global population level.
1. I've said exactly this for quite some time. Expanding on Adrian's point here, Covid-19 has three distinct characteristics as a disease that enables it to be denied at a societal level.
2. First, none of its symptoms trigger the human disgust mechanism. Adrian gives a great example of this. The two key symptoms that distinguish Covid-19 from other common diseases are cognitive dysfunction and anosmia, both of which are *invisible* to other people.
3. In simulations I took part in long before the Covid-19 pandemic, diseases with symptoms that triggered the human disgust mechanism - symptoms such as disfigurement, vomiting, incontinence, bleeding, and convulsive syncope - were most likely to cause people to avoid infection.
1. A recent conversation with a colleague threw into sharp relief exactly why I am so inspired to develop technologies to prevent pathogenic infection. So, if you'll indulge me, let me explain. In early 2002, I had what to all intents and purposes was a cold. Sniffles, cough etc.
2. I just took paracetamol and got on with it, and was completely fine in a few days. About a week later, I suddenly developed widespread and extensive muscle twitching - fasciculations. These fasciculations got severe really quickly, enough to cause chronic insomnia.
3. It's difficult to sleep with widespread muscle twitching, I assure you. These symptoms eventually led me to a neurologist, who diagnosed me with cramp-fasciculation syndrome (CFS). Later, another neurologist considered neuromyotonia to be a more accurate diagnosis.