🪙As countries and institutions rush into stablecoins, a trillion-dollar opportunity emerges.
8 major stablecoin-related opportunities:
01/ High-yield stablecoin for DeFi
Expanding yield from pure inflation, @ethena_labs arbitrage from volatility, @CapLabs_ introduces mev and arbitrage profit, @usualmoney @withAUSD compound t-bill yield with its own token, @__reservoir employs a diversified high-yield basket, and place looping strategies in @MorphoLabs and @pendle_fi. However growing TVL dilutes returns, projects must find sustainable yield and genuine utility. However, only USDT, UDSC and a small amount DAI are trading pairs, other stablecoins are more like financial products atm.
02/ On-ramping in emerging market
USDT has a strong liquidity network in emerging markets, as people rarely off-ramp USDT, they view it as the dollar. In Turkey, stablecoin purchases accounted for 3.7% of its GDP. Argentina's stablecoin premium reached 30.5% and Nigeria's 22.1%. Projects like @zarpay_app @MentoLabs use grassroots gtm via local agents and payment systems to onboard more users.
03/ Licensed stablecoin issuers
Institutions rely on trusted stablecoin issuers to avoid technical and regulatory complexity. Key players include @Paxos (PYUSD, BUSD), @brale_xyz (USC) and @Stablecoin (B2B API).
04/ All-in-one stablecoin API
In the future, we'll face cross-currency, cross-coin, and cross-chain complexity. AMMs like @CurveFinance and @Uniswap provide the most flexible and efficient way. Companies like @Perena__ are actively building infrastructure to abstract deployment, swap, and liquidity or business.
05/ Distributor issued stablecoins
Issuing stablecoin provides an unparalleled business model—Tether, a 100-employee company profited billions from investing its reserve, even more profitable than BlackRock sometime. @JPMorgan and @PayPal launched its stablecoin, @stripe 's acquisition of @Stablecoin showed interest in owning the stablecoin stack rather than merely integrating USDC and @Visa @Mastercard are testing the water by integrating stablecoins.
06/ Foreign exchange platform
This is one of the biggest gaps. Traditional FX facilitates over $7.5 trillion in daily volumes but suffers from counterparty settlement risk, cost of the multi-banking system, global settlement timezone differences, and limited access. Onchain solution provides best transparency and efficiency using oracles @chainlink and AMMs. @Citibank is actively building their onchain FX in Singapore, @binance has their p2p order book product.
07/ Off-ramping, asset management and margin deposit
Bank is the gatekeeper for fiat-backed stablecoins, @standardchartered started to embrace off-ramping, and more will join. Banks offer asset management services to institutions and expecting using stablecoins as margin deposits for stocks.
08/ RWA for stablecoin reserve yield
RWA is still young. Tether profits billions a year from investing their reserve like a bank. Now most of the stablecoin reserves invest into short-dated treasuries managed by @BlackRock, and RWA products issued by @Securitize @BlackRock @FTI_US offer more onchain financial product composability, expecting future more sophisticated high-yield products onchain with manageable risk.
Open questions:
· Will regulations compromise "open finance," given that compliant stablecoins can potentially monitor, freeze, and withdraw funds?
· Will compliant stablecoins avoid offering yields to maintain non-security status, and then DeFi can't benefit from their expansion?
· Can any open blockchain truly handle vast sums of money and the IRL TPS?
· Will the separation of currency and jurisdiction introduce more chaos or opportunities?
In the Rollup craze, we can only make it by simplifying infra complexity for users. Meaning one account, one signature, and one gas for all cross-chain ops. However, challenges persist such as account state sync, signature aggregation, atomic execution, and delayed finality.
01/ What is Chain Abstraction:
In the ultimate stage, end users won't need any infra knowledge. They'll simply express their intent or specify the order, sign a transaction, and leave the rest - routing, gas conversion, construction, ordering, and cross-chain ops - to be handled automatically. P.S. This tweet focuses specifically on cross-domain abstraction.
02/ Why Chain Abstraction Matters:
With the fat protocol theory, blockchain rollup or alt l1 builders are multiplying and Rollup-As-A-Service is accelerating new blockchain creation to under a day. That being said, those blockchains that lack activity will fade in 6-18 months. Despite this, achieving a unified blockchain monopoly seems unlikely due to the persistent need for flexibility. Even in a more concentrated long-term scenario, the presence of various blockchains will continue to lead to UX and liquidity fragmentation.
#DePIN is no novel concept. In the last bull run, some stood out, but many fell short. This piece aims to provide a balanced critique, substantial prospects, an evaluation framework, and in-depth case studies. mirror.xyz/sevenxventures…
01/ What is DePIN:
DePIN, Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks. It represents a community-driven, decentralized hardware network incentivized by the token.
02/ Participants:
· Hardware Manufacturer: The physical devices that provide services or collect data, evolve from a centralized, whitelisted to a permissionless market.
· Miner: The entities that run hardware as nodes, calculate the payback period and rewards.
· Protocol: The coordination core of the network, sets up the price and rules, and ensures data integrity, security, and privacy.
· Operators: Entities that package network resources into services, more operators can enhance market reach.
· Purchasers: Users of the network, the varying goals and experience need to be met.
Crypto key management sucks.
Why do we always need to sacrifice security or good experience, often both?
This article explores the maze of #passkey, #webAuthn, #AA and #MPC. Combing together, an optimal solution may pop up to save our desperate souls. mirror.xyz/sevenxventures…
01/ Private Key Matters:
The private key is the core that allows us to sign transactions on Ethereum, but managing it has been a nightmare, even in the readable form of “seed phrases”.
02/ Key Management Layers:
Many will talk about 'custody', but what is it?
-> Can user sign without third-party?
-> Can third-party sign for user?
I avoid using 'custody' to label solution as good/bad, it's oversimplified. Here are important aspects I propose to look at:
RUICAP: Account Abstraction(AA) Intent-Based Hacker House by @SevenXVentures. We invited major AA players from various perspective: @argentHQ from a protocol level, @AlchemyPlatform, @biconomy from a contract ERC4337 level, and @Consensys from EOA @metamask and zkEVM @LineaBuild
01/Terms
- EOA, External-Owned Account: Account controlled by private keys.
- SCA, Smart Contract Account: Account controlled by contract.
- ERC4337: Contract proposal of supporting account abstraction for ETH and its equivalent L2s.
- UO, User Operation transaction of 4337
02/@asparenb, the ecosystem lead of @argentHQ explained why Argent made a big bet on native account abstraction. Argent was founded in 2018 and focuses on ZK-Rollups for scalability and native AA support.