Something to be aware of:
Parenthood is causal for conservatism, and when parenthood is controlled for, the age-conservatism correlation reverses in direction.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
-Longitudinally, parents become more conservative when they have children.
-Experimentally reminding people of their parenthood status causes them to identify as more conservative.
-Across hundreds of enormous (total N = 426,444), nationally-representative samples from the world values survey (and in previous research as well as the authors’ own 10-nation sample) conducted across four decades and 88 nations, parenthood consistently explains the age-conservatism correlation:
—Replicating the previous research from American samples, the authors’ original 10-nation survey found that the β = +0.34 association of age with social conservatism became a non-significant β = −0.07 [−0.32, 0.19], p = 0.605 effect when controlling for binary parenthood status.
—Across all WVS waves (total N = 426,444), the β = +0.04 association between age and sexual conservatism reversed to a β = -0.27 (p < 10 ^ -40) effect when controlling for parenthood and a β = -0.53 (p < 10 ^ -149) effect when controlling for number of children.
—In the WVS wave 5 & 6 samples (N = 173,540), the β = +0.50 association of age with traditionalism declined to a β = +0.14 effect when controlling for binary parenthood status and reversed to a negative β = −0.15 (one-tailed p = 0.000538) effect when controlling for number of children.
—In the WVS wave 6 & 7 samples (N = 167,677), ingroup preference (i.e. trust in foreigners and in members of alien religions subtracted from trust in family and neighbors) did not correlate with age β = 0.00, 95% CI = [−0.03, 0.03], and controlling for parenthood created a negative β = -0.15 (p < 0.0001) effect while controlling for number of children created a negative β = -0.33 (p < 0.0001) effect.
Parenthood is causal for conservatism, and when parenthood is controlled for, the age-conservatism correlation reverses in direction.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
-Longitudinally, parents become more conservative when they have children.
-Experimentally reminding people of their parenthood status causes them to identify as more conservative.
-Across hundreds of enormous (total N = 426,444), nationally-representative samples from the world values survey (and in previous research as well as the authors’ own 10-nation sample) conducted across four decades and 88 nations, parenthood consistently explains the age-conservatism correlation:
—Replicating the previous research from American samples, the authors’ original 10-nation survey found that the β = +0.34 association of age with social conservatism became a non-significant β = −0.07 [−0.32, 0.19], p = 0.605 effect when controlling for binary parenthood status.
—Across all WVS waves (total N = 426,444), the β = +0.04 association between age and sexual conservatism reversed to a β = -0.27 (p < 10 ^ -40) effect when controlling for parenthood and a β = -0.53 (p < 10 ^ -149) effect when controlling for number of children.
—In the WVS wave 5 & 6 samples (N = 173,540), the β = +0.50 association of age with traditionalism declined to a β = +0.14 effect when controlling for binary parenthood status and reversed to a negative β = −0.15 (one-tailed p = 0.000538) effect when controlling for number of children.
—In the WVS wave 6 & 7 samples (N = 167,677), ingroup preference (i.e. trust in foreigners and in members of alien religions subtracted from trust in family and neighbors) did not correlate with age β = 0.00, 95% CI = [−0.03, 0.03], and controlling for parenthood created a negative β = -0.15 (p < 0.0001) effect while controlling for number of children created a negative β = -0.33 (p < 0.0001) effect.
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