0/ So people are upset with me for opposing the Bitcoin Strategic Reserve and saying Coinbase should not buy #BTC for their treasury, have incorrectly assumed this means somehow I don't like Bitcoin.
If you think that is what I think, you are wrong and should feel bad.
1/ The misunderstanding comes from one of the problems that incessantly plagues the crypto space and, in fact, was casual to the crippling issues of 2022, that is to stay not understanding the proper roles of controls, risk management, and division of responsibility.
2/ So first, #BTC. I own some (in cold storage and inaccessible to me on a daily basis and in ETF form, before someone tries to mug me for it - you'll be very disappointed). I am in favor of it as an asset. I am on the record in the past having said I think it's not unreasonable
3/ For the average person to take the @BlackRock recommendation of owning a couple of percentage points in your portfolio and basically forgetting about it. So for those who think I don't like the asset - I do. In fact, I think #BTC serves as a powerful hedge against systemic
4/ issues of fairness, a way for people to save money outside of their local system, and as a way to prevent governments from abusing their citizens. This is also true of some other forms of crypto assets (see: stablecoins), but it's definitely true of #BTC and BTC remains the
5/ best in terms of decentralization and censorship resistance, something my friend @malekanoms has talked about repeatedly and is the kind of thing people underestimate until it really matters (and it matters most for secure savings).
6/ "Okay, but you're an idiot for opposing the BSR if you think Bitcoin is good" I hear you nigh-incoherently scream while throwing ETH rocks and Bored Apes at me.
To which I respond: you really don't get it. If you support BTC, you should be against the BSR.
7/ One, the BSR cannot save the dollar. In fact, it would accelerate the demise of the dollar, as it would be a signal to the world that the US does not intend to manage its fiscal house well and will likely re-denominate in BTC at some point. I think this is a terrible idea.
8/ First, you lose control of your monetary policy and lock yourself into the exact behavior that caused the Great Depression if you have to defend a peg or hold to a fixed supply at a time of massive economic downturn.
If you think inflation is bad, try deflation.
9/ The US has the reserve currency. We should be doing everything we can to keep our fiscal house in order in dollar terms, which means cutting the deficit and future expenditures to a sustainable path, not trying to YOLO into an asset that benefits from dollar decline.
10/ Second, as soon as you concede Bitcoin is a strategic asset, you're conceding that the US has a strategic interest in controlling Bitcoin. Think deeply about this. Do you want the US gov't seizing BTC owned by private citizens? Seizing miners in a time of stress? I don't!
11/ This also puts you in competition with all the other strategic assets, and to be honest, BTC doesn't look good here. You can't eat it. You can't shoot it at people. You can't build things with it. It's a purely monetary electronic construct.
12/ This means in a time of war or major stress, it's going to get dumped on the market in size in order to do other things. So if you are in favor of the BSR, you are in favor of the government crushing BTC prices when you most needed them in a downturn. Oops!
13/ Finally, if we think from the government perspective, you now need to have the discussion of "why BTC". Your answer is going to be "because it's going up in price!" and "because it has great returns", but this is a complete misunderstanding of the role of the government.
14/ The government exists to provide rule of law, protection, and systemic stability. It should not be and does not need to be a speculative investor. It should be focused on long-term GDP growth for all Americans. Here, the Warren Buffett critique of gold is appropriate:
15/ It just fucking sits there. BTC doesn't DO anything. It's an object for storage of value. It's equally valid to suggest the US government dig giant holes and fill them with gold. It's also equally dumb to suggest that (yes, I am in favor of running off the gold reserves).
16/ But what the government should be doing is fixing crumbling infrastructure, funding education, and focusing on delivering on wages & capital growth. It should not be focused on putting magic dirt money or magic internet money in a box.
17/ In short, if you are arguing for the BSR, you want the gov't to pump your bags at the expense of American citizens getting quality services from the government. That's not a stance I am willing to condone. The gov't needs to do a better job with the dollar, not buy BTC!
18/ Finally, corporate balance sheets: again, why? For some companies (like Coinbase) this is at least plausible, because the investors in Coinbase clearly have an interest in crypto. Even then, I'm still against it because I have to ask you this question:
19/ Why do you think Coinbase's management is the right entity to set Bitcoin portfolio allocations for all retirement investors? Do you see the problem? As soon as you start putting this on corporate balance sheets, now people have to start figuring out how to value a part
20/ operating business part Bitcoin ETF part asset management quality play, and that thing should be valued, on average and over time, at less than splitting those functions apart. This is why conglomerates underperform. I know everyone is going to point to MSTR as some kind of
21/ magical money printing machine here, but the entire market cannot be MSTR. As a thought experiment, what would happen to the US economy if, instead of reinvesting capital or returning it to investors, all US companies instead just started buying BTC?
22/ In the short term, BTC prices would rip and everyone with BTC bags would be thrilled. In the medium term, people would notice persistent layoffs and decreasing economic activity without jobs being created because, wait, all the spare economic capacity is going into BTC.
23/ In the long term, we'll have a massive economic crash from misallocation, and even the price of BTC will dramatically tank. This is essentially the mortgage crisis all over again, only BTC has even less real-world tangible value than exotic mortgage products (also very low).
24/ So no, corporations shouldn't do it. Buy BTC yourself with the profits from your position! Don't have the gov't do it, don't have United Healthcare do it on their balance sheet for more profit (yeah I went there).
Just buy BTC yourself! Why is this so hard?
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Since @pmarca blew the whistle on Operation Chokepoint 2.0 on @joerogan's podcast, this issue has finally gotten the attention it deserves. However, as is usual with these things, the discourse has become the embodiment of chaos.
1/ Therefore, as a long time banking expert (yeah, it's as bad as you think, I'm pretty dire) and someone who has been writing about this from the early days and was paying attention even back during Operation Chokepoint 1.0, I wanted to take a moment to explain a few things.
2/ So let's start with debanking. Mechanically, this is very simple: a bank closes all of your accounts with them. Why? Well, funny you should ask that, because the bank often is not going to tell you.
This part is often a surprise to people outside the industry, but there's a reason I wrote a whole thread about this and advise every single two-legged person to have two bank accounts in the United States, and if they are with two very different banks, even better.
But yes, the punchline is simple: they close all your accounts and they don't tell you why.
1 - I don't think that the previous misconception that crypto is all scams and money laundering is correct. But don't take my word for it. The CEO of @inca_digital testified on this exact topic in front of congress, and he's both a former JAG and interpol, so the exact kind of expert you want on this. I'll link to Adam's testimony at the back, but punch line is that while there certainly is bad activity in crypto, it's likely less as a % than both cash (still king for crime) and the traditional system.
1/ To quote Adam:
"US Agencies estimate that Hezbollah receives an annual fund of approximately $700 million per year from Iran. They also receive hundreds of millions more in annual revenue through drug-trafficking, trafficking in art and diamonds, and money-laundering networks. Here, too, a forensics company estimated that $12 million in cryptocurrency had been sent to Hezbollah since 2021. This means approximately $4 million in
cryptocurrency has been sent to Hezbollah for the past three years, with over a billion sent to the organization via other means."
Not exactly the numbers people allege.
2/ I've also talked extensively about the problem of banks not being able to easily transform themselves due to a number of both financial and regulatory constraints on Odd Lots with @TheStalwart and @tracyalloway. I'd encourage you to listen to that whole thing if you want to, but the key point I would say is that innovation, historically, does not come from large companies protecting oligopoly profits within an industry. It comes from outsiders challenging them and breaking that wall down. While government regulation could certainly reduce bank profits, I think it's doubtful it could increase customer service unless antitrust action was accompanied with other changes to the regulatory frameworks and behavior of the banking regulators.
2/ First, it is almost certainly true that between 2018-2021, there were significant controls issues at Binance and material illicit finance issues.
This is not totally surprising to me; a business going from 0 to huge is going to have that kind of issue in any field if it handles money.
In fact, any scaled financial business in general has these issues, so those two factors combined definitely made Binance a target for money launderers, as insufficient controls + scale makes for a solid conduit for bad actors.
This is true across tradfi as well: criminals seek out the weak points to exploit them. It is the nature of the system.
3/ For context, during that same period, Goldman Sachs paid ~$3B for the issues in the 1MDB scandal, Standard Chartered paid a ~$1.1B fine for AML/KYC failures (including trading with sanctioned entities), UniCredit paid ~$1.3B for the same, and WestPac in Australia paid a nearly $1B fine for the same.
Compliance issues are rife throughout tradfi, and it is a subject I have been thinking about deeply and will be publishing more on with regard to how to effectively combat financial crime in general.
I would state my hypothesis here that there are probably significantly more severe issues in tradfi than crypto, but we just can't see them because the system is fragmented and opaque.
Many will think that those are that Operation Chokepoint 2.0 is real. And here's the thing: I've known that for a while. What was not known to me was whether OCP 2.0 was founded on a concern about sophisticated understandings of the banking
2/ system connections to the traditional financial system (which I think are overblown, but some hold), or rather if it was based on mere technophobia and aversion to new technologies where the banking regulators were throwing the baby out with the bathwater.
3/ Well, my dear reader, I am here to tell you that I was wrong: there is a third option. That third option is that banking regulators actually have no idea what is going on and are going to take steps that demonstrate a profound misunderstanding of risk and will make the
0/ I have a homecoming announcement, after having a surreal and exceptional experience earlier today.
I will be teaching at @NYUStern this fall, continuing my ongoing quest to improve the education around blockchains, decentralized finance, and fintech evolution in general.
1/ In 2010, I graduated with my MBA from @NYUStern. MBAs are a weird sort of degree sometimes, halfway between practical and academic in a way that can either be awkward or incredibly powerful.
Thanks to a number of exceptional professors, including David Backus (may he rest in peace), David Yermack (shockingly early to blockchain), Richard Sylla (a true financial historian), @VasantDhar (who is almost single-handedly responsible for my original interest in trading technology, so really you can blame him for all of this), and so many more I do not have space to name here, I left Stern with a far greater depth of understanding of finance than I expected.
2/ So first, some advice for MBAs: definitely, 100% take a class on financial history if you can. History does not repeat, but it does rhyme, and you want to know the playbook. Take classes on financial technology, the plumbing of the system, and when things break.
1/ In particular, the reason this is going to look so foolish is not some of the things you will hear from the OG crypto libertarian cohort (#BTC, as much as I think it's cool and is an interesting innovation, is not on the path to become money globally, ht: @GeorgeSelgin).
2/ Instead, the reason is that it fixes some of our biggest remaining issues from the 2008 financial crisis (and some earlier ones) and solves a problem that has yet to be solved: global economic coordination across a ledger.