In 1956, a United Airlines DC-7 was involved in a midair collision with a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation over the Grand Canyon, killing all 128 souls aboard. This is cited as a driving impetus behind the nationalization of American air traffic control.
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I was completely ignorant of all this, this morning, I just looked this up; but when you read about it, you can kind of see why this led to a nationalized air traffic control service.
It starts from just asking 'why' - the 'five whys' exercise, really.
Why did the planes collide?
Because they weren't being tracked in realtime.
Why weren't they being tracked in realtime?
Because they were 'off-airways', which meant, in 1956, in uncontrolled airspace.
Why was there uncontrolled airspace through which PASSENGER PLANES flew?
Because air traffic control in 1956 was a patchwork completely not resembling the system we have today.
Why was air traffic control in 1956 a patchwork?
Because air traffic control hadn't been nationalized yet.
The Grand Canyon crash in '56 happened because there wasn't a national air traffic control service. The network of government-run, volunteer, and privately-managed radar stations across the country to monitor air traffic didn't exist. It wasn't pilot error, or air frame problems.
It was the 'system', such as it was in 1956, being incapable of safety assurance for air traffic above a certain threshold level of volume and complexity. The Grand Canyon crash was very far from an anomaly in fact, it was just the worst one that people could recall in some time.
A few years after the Grand Canyon crash, Congress, and the American electorate, perceived that problem, and passed laws to fix it, and the result is one of the few truly 'nationalized', socialist entities we have today, albeit on a much smaller scale than others
It's a mildly interesting aside, but, as Sebastian Junger argued, I think rightly, the U.S. Armed Services are, technically, another example of massively successful socialist entities under U.S. auspices, with cradle-to-grave single-payer health care & insurance benefits for all.
If you want to get 'spicy' with it, really, the only and best proof we have that socialist health care systems work are things like TriCare.
It is the most successful single-payer health insurance scheme in the world.
Ponder that, comrade.
Anyway -
When you step back a bit and consider where air traffic control and aviation regulation stands in American society actually, especially given where the 'shadow President' Elon Musk stands on it all... theverge.com/news/603113/fa…
Maybe it makes sense that this would be something really, really important that Trump is at risk of screwing up with dire, dire consequences.
Like, a publicly-run critical service borne out of a series of tragedies of lack of regulation which the country relies on?
Yeah no that kind of thing should be seen as a natural target of the Musk/Trump Presidency moving forward.
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The odds that we go to some kind of incredibly stupid war with a NATO ally and partner, Denmark, over Greenland, increases from "negligible" to "non-negligible" because our country just made an abusive, vapid, Deus-Vult-tattoo-having vetbro talkshow host into our SecDef
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The odds of nuclear weapons use within the next four years goes up, because consultation with SecDef is supposed to be a check on the President's authorization of nuclear launch, and it is laughable to think Hegseth will serve as any kind of check to Trump
At this point, if Trump had a senior moment and said "let's nuke Mexico!" it is difficult to envision a 25th-Amendment Cabinet majority, or any kind of internal check in the Defense command chain, that would actually stop him from doing that.
So here's the deal with Facebook's new fact check & hate speech rules.
Let me explain who I am: from January to July of 2021, starting with the insurrection - actually, because of it - I co-led a team that deplatformed extremists for Facebook. These are our numbers.
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Our data is the subject of an SEC whistleblower complaint filed with the help of @wbaidlaw. This is why I can talk about it.
There are multiple levels of content monitoring on Facebook by multiple departments, and while I can't speak to its 'in-line' fact-checking in detail or its larger-scale policy -
(🧵) One assumption about disinformation that needs revision is the idea that older voters are more prone to believe disinformation.
Not only does new empirical work suggests this is no longer the case, other factors that usually determine the outcome of elections more than disinformation appear to be in question now - like who raises more money, Trump actually raised less than Harris despite running his campaign for several times longer.
In fact, if you look at the last few elections, what seems to happen is that whenever the economy is good, people elect a Republican President, and whenever it's bad, they elect a Democratic one.
In addition, a picture of what predisposes people to believe in disinfo/misinfo, as well as where they get that from, starts to illustrate what policy debaters might call "harms" - like, a clear picture of a (hopefully) addressable problem.
I hypothesized that disinformation belief was like having a disease that you never knew you had, until a stressor in your environment brought it out - a diathesis-stress phenomenon
This recent study gives some weight to that theory
A really interesting finding that the Sultan, et al., meta-analysis finds is that age has at best a mixed effect on ability to discriminate between real and fake news.
You'd think younger people would be *better* at distinguishing fake news.
If you can stand to be clinical about things - which one needs to for survival purposes, though I understand if some people aren't there yet emotionally - this is an interesting equation we're seeing as far as recess appointments.
A thread (🧵)
First, let me answer the dumb questions if you're just, like, afraid to ask or not from here; this is actually something AI is pretty decent for
Dumb questions, that is
Second, here are two fun facts about recess appointments, via Devin Dwyer at ABC News two days ago ():
1. you'd need both the House and the Senate to agree to recess more than 3 days (this is actually explicit in the Constitution)
A really interesting filter to understand the '24 election that I haven't seen people use is the Ukraine aid bill fight, which turned into the Lankford/Sinema/Murphy immigration bill fight.
From November 2023 - this time last year, actually - to April of 2024, when Johnson finally caved and passed the exact same Ukraine aid bill he'd been holding out for an immigration deal on, it seemed insane to outside observers that one House Representative from Louisiana could hold up the entire country's foreign policy.
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The Ukraine aid bill fight, and the utter disaster caused by how long it took, exposed three flaws in the American system, I'd argue:
1. hyper-partisan, "tribal" politics where no matter what, your team must win, even if it means starving Ukraine of aid for months, or failing to act on a "border invasion" that you yourself hyped up the urgency of for months,
2. thorough-going corruption and 'infestation' by domestic & foreign money - in Johnson's case, what people don't realize about the American Ethane matter is that American Ethane gave money to a lot of Louisiana Republicans.
That is, one of the reasons why it's fallacious bordering on silly to insist that American Ethane proves Johnson was manipulated to kill Ukraine aid, is that it was years before he became Speaker - and while everyone around Johnson was also paid, they didn't play the same role in killing Ukraine aid.
Johnson is 'exonerated', in other words, by the sheer, banal commonness of taking Russian money
Third, and worst, the Ukraine aid bill fight showed how fundamentally disconnected from reality Republicans and their voters were, to the point that a six-month insistence on "border is more important than Ukraine!" was undone by, of all things, a massed-missile attack by Iran that was almost entirely intercepted.
Johnson just caved, totally and completely, it surprised all of us who were at that point looking at a discharge petition that probably wouldn't work and expecting the aid delay to last until... well, now.
And no one thought that just giving Democrats everything they wanted on Ukraine was weird or bad - or, if they did, it didn't matter because people cited immigration and the border as a reason for voting Trump. seattletimes.com/nation-world/n…
Went for a walk with mom, talked about what I'm going to do now that the election's over.
She said, remember Phil? Phil is a Trump supporter my stepfather knew. I wonder how he's doing, she said.
Phil is, as I recall, a paradox; he's both unabashedly racist and willing to believe in whatever bad guy Trump pointed him towards, he's also someone who's been there at hard moments for our family.
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So I said, I'd bet he's pretty happy right now. He's probably cheering and feels like he was right all along. It's like this joke about this political party, it's called the Leopard Eating Faces party, right? And everyone votes for it because...
Because no one thinks the leopard will ever eat their face, mom said.
Exactly, I said. Phil is going to realize at some point that the leopard is going to eat his face, and you know what I realized? Why is it my job to stop that?
You know the guy who was my high school debate coach who got me started in a lot of this, I told mom, he said the other day, that's it, America's headed in a different direction than what I thought, it's clearly spoken out for Trump. I'm moving into the private sector, peace! And I said to him, you know what, if anyone tried in this, it's you, so, right on man, you deserve to thrive. And that was already after I decided to do that myself.