Benn Eifert 🥷🏴‍☠️🖤 Profile picture
Feb 10 16 tweets 3 min read Read on X
Okay you asked for a heroic hedge fund story, to balance all the blowups I tell you about.

This is sort of in between, like doofy heroism.

We were the Wells Fargo prop desk. Not the most legendary and storied of prop desks. Actually possibly the least legendary.
We traded capital structure arbitrage and convertible bond arbitrage. That means, for example, buying senior secured debt and shorting unsecured debt against it, or buying cash bonds and hedging with CDS, or trading credit vs equity, or converts delta neutral.
Our big boss was famous for being an insane athlete. My job interview with him was on a bike going up Carson Pass at 8,000 feet. He was 50+ years old, I was 28, he dusted me like a bug when we hit the steeps
In 2008 the prop desk took a pretty big hit on Lehman like every other prop desk. Bond basis exploded, convertible bond floors
collapsed, everything went completely wonky. Lost hundreds of millions of dollars.
Critically, Wells Fargo was a very boring, conservative bank that had absolutely zero risk to mezzanine tranches of subprime CDOs, CDO^2's, and all the rest of the toxic sludge that blew up the banking system in 2008. Their balance sheet was solid.
The big boss may have been goofy but he knew corporate politics. He went to the C-suite and said look, yeah we just lost a little money, but everyone is puking assets uncontrollably and this is a once in a lifetime opportunity for the bank
Instead of getting fired, the prop desk got a 10x increase in capital, when every other Wall Street prop desk was having their positions liquidated regardless of how good they were
Wells Prop was the last buyer in the market for converts, leveraged loans, basis packages, every balance sheet sensitive funding risk security you could find. Its trades were known as "the West Coast Flows" in the dealer community
The trades were insane. Convertible bonds at zero implied volatility. Bond basis packages (buy cash bond, buy CDS protection) at 20% IRR. Senior secured debt yielding more than unsecured CDS.
Not because we were smart, because we were the only big desk with billions of unencumbered cash, while everyone else was working on getting bailed out
In 2009 all this stuff snapped back and the desk made more money than God. I was just the fresh-out-of-PhD quant, I had nothing to do with it, but I got to watch
The prop desk spun out of Wells Fargo as a hedge fund called Overland Advisors as Dodd-Frank was coming. It was a fun batch of people, some of whom are on here, they can raise their hands if they want to.
Lesson here is its a hell of a lot better to be lucky than good, and also there's absolutely nothing wrong with being boring and conservative and avoiding the newest hype in markets.
If you are the last person standing when blood is running in the streets you don't have to be smart you just make infinite money.
By the way, this is one of the reasons why skew exists in equity derivatives. The value of a dollar in November 2008 with risk assets annhialated is massively higher than the value of a dollar at ATHs, because opportunity is everywhere.

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More from @bennpeifert

Feb 9
Okay let's talk about this.

1) Only 6% of you said Bill Gross but his firm probably traded more gross notional of derivatives in his career than global GDP. PNL in many tens of billions of dollars. See replies to the poll.
2) Most of you voted Jim Simons. His famous derivatives use was in basket options, which transformed short term capital gains tax obligations into long term capital gains rates. This saved them about $6 billion but was later clawed back by courts and IRS which did not appreciate it.
3) Despite his "financial weapons of mass destruction" quip and his homespun shtick, Buffet and his team were responsible for the single greatest trade in derivatives markets history, as measured by both outcome and running over "smart" big banks
Read 4 tweets
Feb 9
Okay we'll do absurd and disastrous, can't quite get all four into one story.

There was once a very famous hedge fund that would blow up on Jupiter-sized natural gas spreads. That blowup was so wild that none of the other big personalities got talked about.
There was an enormous 6'6 300-pound Eastern European derivatives execution trader we'll call Hodor (that rhymes with his actual name). He's still around so we don't need to harass him.

When his boss left he got promoted to PM.
Hodor was larger than life. He was huge and he'd wear giant white fur coats and red boots and big diamonds. Everyone called him Hodor the Barbarian.

He wasn't, like, an analytical math/strategy guy, or an intuitive directional trader. He was a level 10 half-giant warrior
Read 21 tweets
Feb 8
GVV (gamma-vanna-volga) modeling. This is a very handy and intuitive approach to thinking about options that links the shape of volatility surfaces to the nature of the key risk factors that an option position represents.
First, let's oversimplify and illustrate with a warmup question I'd ask a junior candidate. Suppose you own a call option delta neutral, and you know its Greeks. Tomorrow you come in and the stock has moved X%, volatility and rates and dividends are the same. What's your PNL?
Take a Taylor series expansion. Over one day:

- you experience theta decay
- your delta PNL from stock move cancels out with your hedge
- vega PNL is zero by assumption
- you make money from the absolute magnitude of the stock price move driven by your gamma Image
Read 34 tweets
Feb 7
Okay this is a really fun one because it's really simple and very few people got it. h/t @Eric714 for the original conversation.

Casually, it looks like the call overwrite strategy is outperforming throughout the sample, but this is a visual artifact of compounding. >>
Here is performance before and after 2012. (I'll explain why 2012 in a bit.) The call write strategy sharply outperforms before 2012 and then significantly underperforms after 2012. But why doesn't it look liek that in the chart? Image
In a compounded chart, a given % return from some starting point will translate into a level difference in the Y axis that's proportional to the starting point

Given the sharp outperformance of CC from 1990-2012, the 2012 base is 425 versus 250 for the index
Read 25 tweets
Feb 7
Okay since blackjack was #1 but was a trick answer, you get investment due diligence, #2. This is where an institutional investor is interested enough in what your hedge fund does after a few preliminary meetings that they want to dig in with the rubber gloves.
As always this is going to be our perspective as institutional derivatives absolute return managers, won't be the same in long/short equity etc.
The first few meetings are getting to know you and understand if there is a potential near/medium term fit. Institutional investors have many constraints:

- return stream needs to meet their hurdles and fit with their portfolio (not highly correlated, ideally complementary)
Read 17 tweets
Feb 6
All right, I promised you a strategy research thread. Again this is going to be very specific to what we do as quantitatively-oriented institutional derivatives managers, but hopefully it's interesting and maybe has some similarities to what others experience.
Our strategy is all about dislocations in derivatives markets. End users of derivatives dwarf arbitrageurs, and their relatively price-insensitive transactions are what create dislocations where relative prices don't quite make sense.
So our starting point is never a data mining exercise or a blue sky imagination process. It's always, what is the dislocation, where is it coming from, why does it exist? And then the strategy research process is about how to measure and exploit that dislocation.
Read 13 tweets

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