This week, one of the most important fossils ever found in Australia (and perhaps the world) was taken to an undisclosed location, put in a hole and covered with dirt
WLH-50, the Garnpung Giant
I've spent hundreds of hours reading about this incredible cranium and scouring the corners of the internet for data and images. But I never got to see it in person, and now I never will
The huge cranium was 210mm long and on average 16mm thick. It had many archaic features including a continuous brow ridge. Unlike most Australian fossils the bone was completely replaced by silica
Much of the skull was missing, but here's my guess of what WLH-50 looked it:
Worse, WLH-50 was just one of 108 Pleistocene Australians being buried this week. Many likely contained DNA. There is so much we could have known about these mysterious people
Will the fossils be safe in the ground? No. The reconstructed specimens will fall apart, the fragments will be subject to hostile soil conditions, and eventually they’ll erode and be destroyed by the weather, just like the unexcavated fossils at Willandra Lakes
UPDATE: Turns out not all of the 106 fossils have been buried yet. So there’s a sliver of a chance some might be saved (perhaps even WLH-50). Or at least buried in marked graves
Thanks to everyone who engaged and shared. All revenue from this post will be spent on expanding my library of rare resources, books and DNA samples (and testing)
@BTungle25194 Jokes aside, I agree it's a complex issue at least for recent remains. But wen it comes to mineralized fossils that are tens of thousands of years old it should be clear that the scientific knowledge and benefits to humanity take precedence
@mollywithakay @AbeAllen And no, no political organizations (even Native ones) have a right to erase what little remains of these cultures
@Vasart4 @ultradesign_be @clairlemon The myth that “scientists learned all they could” is one reason these burials go ahead. Not only could we have learned more (we don’t even have 3D models), but even DNA testing is incredibly new. Who knows what future techniques could have uncovered
@Vasart4 @ultradesign_be @clairlemon One reason, apart from politics, might be that many of these fossils were exceptionally delicate
@thebusiness7 The rest of the series are all fossilized and much older
@BabushkaThe (i’m not being pedantic. I guarantee you that no First Nation organization uses species as membership criteria)
@InterspeciesFa1 @BabushkaThe Unless Ngandong turn out to be one of the these 3 lineages we really have no clue what they looked like. Truly a bizarre archaeologic puzzle
Some good news. Looks like UNESCO is launching an investigation. Fingers crossed
Doubly frustrating: we might have learned more about Denisovans. The fossil individuals were all considered Homo sapiens, but many had surprising archaic traits and dated near the time of the Denisovan admixture. The loss of their DNA is truly tragic
One of the fossils being destroyed is the famous WLH-50. For decades it was central to the debate between Multiregionalism & Out of Africa. If any Australian skull had significant Denisovan DNA it was likely WLH-50
Gang rape was a traditional practice in parts of Australia (and possibly still is). One example is the initiation rite of introcision, where pubescent girls had their vaginas cut and were then forced to have sex with multiple men. 1/
(Image by Nicolas-Martin Petit, c. 1800)
2/ Introcision was the female equivalent of circumcision and subincision. The girl initiates and male participants were strictly forbidden to talk about it to non-initiated people, but recent reports suggest the rite is still practiced in some form
3/ Another use of gang rape was as punishment for violating tribal law. In this account from Merlan (1986) a woman recounts how she eloped from her assigned husband and, when she eventually returned, forced to submit to sex with a group of men
Anyone have a copy of "South Australia Illustrated" by George Angas, 1847?
The SA State Library has it online but they censored 14 pages (like the one below). I tracked down the missing illustrations but can't find the descriptions for Plates 5, 15, 22 24, 27, 46
Plate 5 is below. All I can find is that one of the figures is "A man of the Wallaby tribe, adorned for the Kuri dance"
I take it personally when institutions ban and censor scientific books for religious reasons. In fact, it only increases my desire to preserve and share what little we know about pre-colonial Australia
Plate 15 shows the Kuri Dance (above) and Palti Dance below
Plate 22 and 24. I found some of the text for 24:
"- a man of Lynedoch Valley, adorned for the Kuri dance ..."--UL "... performance of the Palti dance ..."-UR "... principal men or leaders of the Kuri dance"- LL & LR"
(They really don't want you to know about the Kuri dance)
Australian secret societies were widespread but most complex in the desert. Elders kept strict control through a monopoly on sacred knowledge, ceremonies, and brutal initiation rites. Taboos around sacred objects and secrecy were enforced through fear and execution
@CDarmangeat Romance and jealousy were sometimes the cause. But "theft" was more common. A man might take a woman from another tribe (with or without her consent). Her father/brothers or current/promised husband would then rouse up their group to fight his
The problem is that Aboriginal doesn't always mean aboriginal. Most Aboriginal Australians are descended from at least one aboriginal Australian, but some are not. I'm also friends with Australians who are descended from aboriginal Australians, but are not Aboriginal Australians
Bruce Pascoe is a successful Aboriginal author whose ancestors apparently all came from Europe. He self-identifies as Aboriginal and is accepted as Aboriginal by at least some Aboriginal groups and by the general public
You may have noticed this account tries to avoid terms like aboriginal and indigenous. The main reason is that people often confuse them with Aboriginal and Indigenous which can have quite different meanings