We can do better than eyeballing the maps like this.
Even in the HOLC's most "hazardous" classification, 85% of residents were White:
sci-hub.ru/https://doi.or…
Moreover, when controlling for the most obvious markers of loan risk, racial demographics had barely any correlation (r = -.066, or 0.4% of variance explained) with what risk classification the HOLC assigned: Race was used to slightly improve their measure of risk but net of other markers had barely any incremental validity in predicting what classification the HOLC gave to a neighborhood.
Further still, the HOLC never even had any policy against giving out risky loans in the "Hazardous" redlined districts.
sci-hub.ru/10.1177/009614…
In fact, by 1940 Blacks were overrepresented among homeowners whose loans were backed through the HOLC.
sci-hub.ru/https://doi.or…
Redlined areas were mostly White and there was never even any statute against loaning to people who lived in them.
Even in the HOLC's most "hazardous" classification, 85% of residents were White:
sci-hub.ru/https://doi.or…
Moreover, when controlling for the most obvious markers of loan risk, racial demographics had barely any correlation (r = -.066, or 0.4% of variance explained) with what risk classification the HOLC assigned: Race was used to slightly improve their measure of risk but net of other markers had barely any incremental validity in predicting what classification the HOLC gave to a neighborhood.
Further still, the HOLC never even had any policy against giving out risky loans in the "Hazardous" redlined districts.
sci-hub.ru/10.1177/009614…
In fact, by 1940 Blacks were overrepresented among homeowners whose loans were backed through the HOLC.
sci-hub.ru/https://doi.or…
Redlined areas were mostly White and there was never even any statute against loaning to people who lived in them.
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