Left: NB.1.8.1 grows from 0 to 20%+ global prevalence with 80% weekly advantage in 2025.2-2025.4
Right: JN.1 grows from 0 to 20%+ global prevalence with 77% weekly advantage in 2023.9-2023.11
Error bar of NB.1.8.1 is much larger because global sequencing is down 10x.
Both variants are derived from one-step further mutation of a local variant from an undersampled region that is very diverse from the dominant.
JN.1 is derived from BA.2.86 and 92 mutations to dominant EG.5.1.
NB.1.8.1 is derived from NB.1 and 70 mutations to dominant LP.8.1.
These are cases that show local variants from undersampled regions can spread very effectively in a global range after gaining a few adaptive mutations.
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