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Jun 7 23 tweets 8 min read Read on X
They tell us that “history is written by men.”
But here’s what they don’t tell us

Some of history’s most powerful forces were women.

They ruled empires. Sparked revolutions. Reshaped the world.

Here are 20 women who didn’t just make history, they rewrote it... 🧵👇 Queen Eleanor by Frederick Sandys, 1858 in National Museum Cardiff
1. Mary, Mother of Jesus

She didn’t hold a sword or a crown.

But she holds a place in the hearts of billions.
Revered in both Christianity and Islam.

No woman in history has had more spiritual influence. Madonna of the Book by Sandro Botticelli in Milan in the Poldi Pezzoli Museum.
2. Hatshepsut

She rebranded pharaohs of Egypt.

Dressed as a king. Ruled like a titan.
She made Egypt rich through trade and built temples that still stand.

A woman carved in stone literally. Statue of Hatshepsut on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art  By This file was donated to Wikimedia Commons as part of a project by the Metropolitan Museum of Art
3. Khadijah bint Khuwaylid

Before Islam had followers, it had her.

A wealthy merchant. A powerful voice.
The Prophet Muhammad’s first supporter—and wife.

Without Khadijah, Islam might never have survived. A fictive medal of Khadijah seen in Promptuarii iconum insigniorum - 1553  By Published by Guillaume Rouillé (1518?-1589) - "Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum", Public Domain
4. Empress Theodora

Born into poverty. Lived on stage.
Then rewrote the laws of the Eastern Roman Empire.

She gave women rights, saved a collapsing empire, and stood against mobs when generals fled. Empress Theodora Credit: pin/6192518229399341/
5. Eleanor of Aquitaine

Queen of France. Then queen of England.
But she wasn’t just a royal—she was a ruler.

She led armies, shaped courtly love, and influenced European politics for generations. Image
6. Wu Zetian

China’s only female emperor.

She outplayed the royal court, crushed rivals, and rewrote the rules of Confucian patriarchy.

Her legacy lasted longer than the dynasty that erased her. Credit: Ancient History Hub
7. Joan of Arc

Teenage girl hears voices.
Tells generals what to do. Wins battles. Changes France’s fate.

Then burned alive.

Canonized as a saint. Remembered as a symbol of courage. Joan of Arc by John Everett Millais — Wikipédia
8. Cleopatra VII

Don’t believe the Hollywood version.

She spoke 9 languages. Ran a nation. Played Caesar and Antony like chess pieces.

The last queen of Egypt almost changed the fate of Rome. Cleopatra by John William Waterhouse.
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9. Queen Elizabeth I

Unmarried. Unmatched.

Crushed the Spanish Armada. Sparked the English Renaissance.
Proved a woman could rule without a man—and with an iron will. Portrait commemorating the defeat of the Spanish Armada, depicted in the background. Elizabeth's hand rests on the globe, symbolising her international power. One of three known versions of the "Armada Portrait". - Wikipedia
10. Catherine the Great

They mocked her rise. They feared her reign.

She expanded Russia’s borders, modernized its government, and embraced Enlightenment ideals.

By the time she was done, Russia had become a European superpower. 1794 portrait of Catherine, aged approximately 65, with the Chesme Column in the Catherine Park in Tsarskoye Selo in the background
11. Sojourner Truth

Born a slave. Became a thunderclap.

Her speech “Ain’t I a Woman?” shattered America’s conscience.

She fought for freedom—and womanhood. Sojourner Truth examining the Bible with Abraham Lincoln, Civil War–era print By Miscellaneous Items in High Demand, PPOC, Library of Congress - Library of CongressCatalog: https://lccn.loc.gov/96522312Image download: https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3a10000/3a18000/3a18400/3a18453v.jpgOriginal url: https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/96522312/
12. Queen Nzinga

She didn’t bow to colonizers—they bowed to her.

For 40 years, she led African resistance to the Portuguese, outwitting diplomats and generals alike.

A warrior queen who became a legend. Hand colored lithograph of the woman known as 'Queen Ginga' in Portugal. Her name was Nzinga Mbande, although her name when converting to Christianity was 'Ana de Sousa'. Drawing from the collection of the National Portrait Gallery in London.
13. Marie Curie

Two Nobel Prizes. One brain. Zero excuses.

She discovered radiation. Pioneered medical breakthroughs.
And cracked open the atom long before nuclear science was a thing.

Without her, cancer therapy would look very different. Credit: @CuriousVoyagerX
14. Rosa Parks

One bus seat.

That’s all it took to shake an empire of segregation.
She wasn’t just tired. She was done.

And the civil rights movement roared to life. Image
15. Malala Yousafzai

They tried to silence her with a bullet.

She answered with a Nobel Prize.

Now she speaks for millions of girls denied education. Image
16. Hypatia of Alexandria

A philosopher. Astronomer. Mathematician.

She taught science in a world turning to superstition.
And died for it, murdered by a mob.

Her legacy? The last light of ancient knowledge. Image
17. Harriet Tubman

Escaped slavery. Then went back again and again to save others.

She became a spy, a soldier, and a symbol.

Freedom had a conductor. Her name was Harriet. Image
18. Mother Teresa

A nun with no possessions.
Yet held the world’s attention.

Her work with the poor earned her a Nobel Prize—and the love of millions.
19. Indira Gandhi

India’s first female prime minister.

She led through war, reformed agriculture, and held the world’s largest democracy together in crisis. By Prime Minister's Office - GODL-India,
20. Hildegard of Bingen

Medieval nun. Mystical visionary. Musical genius. Medical writer.

She challenged the church and left behind works that still spark debate today. Image
These women were Politicians. Warriors. Scientists. Saints.

And their shadows still stretch across our world.

Which woman from history should I go more into detail? Drop her name. 👇 Madonna of the Rosary by Caravaggio

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More from @CultureExploreX

Jul 6
Most people think of mausoleums as tombs.

But the best of them are something more, Cathedrals of memory, ambition, and love carved in stone.

Here are 22 that left the world in awe and one that hides a deadly secret. 🧵 Baldacchino by Gian Lorenzo Bernini was erected over Saint Peter's tomb, it was designed at the request of Pope Urban VIII around 1624 AD.  Credit: @histories_arch on X  St.Peter's Basilica contains the tombs of many Popes also.
1. Basilica of Saint-Denis – France

Where the French kings go to sleep.

Gothic architecture was born here. Stained glass blazing like fire, tombs of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI beneath your feet. Image
2. Taj Mahal – Agra

Shah Jahan built it for love.
The world never forgot.

Symmetrical gardens, flawless white marble, and haunting beauty.

But don’t miss the tragic twist: he was buried next to her, off-center, breaking perfect symmetry. Credit: @The_Earth______
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Jul 5
Most people visit Rome for the Colosseum or the Vatican.

But Rome is a city of cathedrals.

And these 18 churches aren’t just places of worship, they’re where architecture, power, and beauty collided to shape Western civilization.

You won’t believe #3 and #4. 🧵 Basilica de Santa Maria Maggiore, Roma, Italia. Credit: juans83
1. Sant’Agnese in Agone

Francesco Borromini’s boldest move.

He took geometry, crushed it, and turned it into emotion.
Step inside and you’ll feel space bend. Image
2. Santa Maria Maddalena

Baroque at its most unhinged.
Designed by Carlo Fontana and Giuseppe Sardi who curved the façade like it was dancing.

Don’t blink. The walls almost move.
Read 21 tweets
Jul 5
They say ancient epics ignored women. But what if that’s wrong?

What if the most powerful minds in early literature weren’t warriors but women?

Let’s talk about the forgotten heroines of East and West: The Shahnameh and The Odyssey. 🧵👇 Penelope and the Suitors 1900 tapestry by Victor John Robertson
One is Persian.
The other Greek.

One written by Ferdowsi. 120,000 lines.
The other by Homer. 12,000 lines.

Different worlds. Same question:
What role did women play in shaping the epic imagination? Image
Western scholars often claimed Persian women were passive. One even wrote:
“Such figures as Penelope… cannot be found in the Persian epic.”

But we are going to put that theory to the test. Atusa Shahbanu Credit: Hedayat Bazafkan
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Jul 3
Tomorrow is July 4th. Independence Day.

We’ll hear about Lexington. Muskets. War. But remember this:

The American Revolution didn’t begin with a gunshot; it began with a boycott.

Before the first shot fired, ordinary Americans had already overthrown British rule. 🧵 Detail from Washington Crossing the Delaware, an 1851 portrait by Emanuel Leutze depicting Washington and Continental Army troops crossing the river prior to the Battle of Trenton on the morning of December 26, 1776.
From 1765 to 1775, colonists ran a full-blown civil resistance campaign.

They shut down courts.
Refused to import goods.
Built parallel governments.

It wasn’t protest for show. It was rebellion in plain sight. Spirit of '76 by Archibald Willard
Britain passed the Stamp Act in 1765.

Americans didn’t riot.
They simply refused to comply.

Printers ran papers without stamps.
Lawyers stopped using courts.
Ports either closed or defied British orders. Burning of Stamp Act, Boston. 1 photomechanical print (postcard) : color.
Read 22 tweets
Jul 2
Latin America holds some of the most stunning architecture in the world.

Most of it was built by Europeans on top of Indigenous empires.

These 20 buildings reveal a continent shaped by beauty and conquest.

And the first three will leave you speechless. 🧵 Templo de Santo Domingo - Oaxaca, Mexico Credit: @kobe_sylvester
1. Las Lajas Cathedral – Colombia

It’s not built on a canyon.
It’s part of it.

Bridging cliffs like a miracle frozen in stone.

Built after a woman claimed the Virgin Mary appeared inside the gorge. Image
2. Church of San Francisco – Quito, Ecuador

500 years old.
Baroque on the outside.
Moorish on the inside.

And built by the hands of indigenous artisans during Spanish rule. Image
Read 23 tweets
Jul 1
We talk about globalization like it’s new.

But 2,000 years ago, merchants were already trading silk, spices, and stories from China to Italy.

Not through the internet.
Through deserts, mountains, and war zones.

Here are the 16 cities that shaped the Silk Road. 🧵 The Ark of Bukhara Credit: @fopminui on X
It began in Xi’an, China.

Not just the home of the Terracotta Army but the launchpad of the world’s most ambitious trade route.

Silk, porcelain, and even Buddhist monks left from here.

Every empire west of here would feel it. Credit: @archeohistories
Next stop: Lanzhou.

Sitting on the Yellow River, this city wasn’t just scenic, it was strategic.

If you controlled Lanzhou, you controlled the gateway west.

And everyone wanted it. Image
Read 19 tweets

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