Elon Gilad Profile picture
Jul 6 12 tweets 2 min read Read on X
🧵 THREAD: Think English spelling is chaos? Hebrew says "hold my beer" with 22 letters, zero vowels, and pure linguistic anarchy.
Let me introduce you to the most unhinged writing system ever created... 1/12
2/ Meet Alef (א): the ultimate shapeshifter. In ani (אני), it's "a." In eretz (ארץ), "e." In eem (אם), "ee." In rosh, somehow "o." And in or (אור)? Dead silent. One letter, five personalities, zero consistency.
3/ Then comes Ayin (ע): usually silent, but somehow makes four different sounds. Silent in or (עור), "ee" in eem (עם), "e" in etz (עץ), "a" in al (על). It's literally a mime having an identity crisis.
4/ Vav (ו) is pure madness. "Oo" in shulchan (שולחן), "o" in shalom (שלום), "v" in vav (וו) itself, "w" in wawoo (וואו). Four sounds, one letter. Make it make sense.
5/ Bet (ב) plays double agent: "b" in bayit (בית), "v" in aviv (אביב). No markings to help you, just guess and go. Hebrew said "context clues are your best friend" and left.
6/ Kaf (כ) does the same routine. It might be a "k" as in kol (כל), or a throat-clearing "kh" like in lakh (לך). But Hebrew's not done: Khet (ח) also makes that "kh" sound, and Koof (ק) gives you "k" too.
7/ Three letters sharing two sounds like roommates fighting over the bathroom. Why? Because Hebrew believes in maximum confusion.
8/ The "s" situation is beautiful chaos. Samekh (ס) says "s" in sabon (סבון). Shin (ש) sometimes says "s" like in smol (שמאל), but usually it's "sh" like in shalom (שלום). The only clue? Context and a bit of luck.
9/ Tet (ט) makes "t" as in terem (טרם). So does Taf (ת) as in tapuakh (תפוח). Why two letters for one sound? Because Hebrew believes in options, apparently.
10/ Pey (פ) is another master of disguise. "P" in panim (פנים), "f" in sefer (ספר). One letter, two completely different vibes. It's giving multiple personality disorder.
11/ And now, the crown jewel of chaos: ספר
These three innocent letters could be sefer (book), sapar (hairdresser), safar (he counted), or sfar (border region). Four completely different words. Same exact spelling.
12/ How do you tell them apart? Context clues, educated guessing, and divine intervention.
The Hebrew alphabet: 3,000 years old, elegant as ancient poetry, and completely unhinged. Master it, and you're not just literate: you're a linguistic detective with supernatural powers. 🔮

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More from @elongilad

Jul 4
1/12 🧵 Epic travel day—three flights across four countries with my wife and kids. So naturally, here’s the etymology of the Hebrew word for airplane ✈️
2/12 December 17th, 1903. Two bicycle mechanics from Ohio achieve the impossible—human flight. But they have no word for what they’ve just invented. They simply call it “The Machine.”
3/12 The world scrambled to name this marvel. The French called it aéroplane—“flat flying machine”—a term minted by sculptor Joseph Pline as a sleek alternative to the lumbering hot-air balloons.
Read 12 tweets
Jul 2
1/12 🕯️ Jews pray three times daily for a messiah to come. But here's the twist: the Torah never mentions this idea. At all.
So how did Jews go from having no messiah to obsessing over one? 🧵
2/12 The word "messiah" DOES appear in the Torah, but it just means "anointed priest"—nothing cosmic, nothing world-changing.
The answer to this transformation is heartbreak.
3/12 For centuries, Jews already had their anointed one: King David and his descendants. God made an eternal promise—David's throne would last forever. "Your house and kingdom shall be established forever."
Read 12 tweets
Jul 1
1/12 ✈️ How did Israeli flight attendants get their name? It took a lexicographer, an author, and a politician to give Israeli stewardesses the word "dayelet."
This is that wild story. 🧵
2/12 Let's start with the lexicographer: Eliezer Ben-Yehuda. Early 1900s, he's reviving Hebrew and needs a word for "waiter."
3/12 He finds a passage in the Talmud where a man called "dayla" was serving food to rabbis. The Aramaic word probably comes from Greek "doulos" meaning... slave.
Read 12 tweets
Jun 30
1/12 🎸 A 17-year-old Greek kid follows a girl to Israel. She's engaged. He stays anyway—and accidentally invents Israeli rock music.
This is the wild true story of Aris San.
2/12 1957. Aristidis Saïsanás is busking in Turkish tavernas when he meets an Israeli girl—and falls hard. She sails home. He follows on the next boat. No plan. No Hebrew. Just love.
3/12 Plot twist: She's engaged. Most people would turn around. Not Aris. He changes his name to Aris San, learns Hebrew, and opens Ariana—Israel's first Greek nightclub.
Read 12 tweets
Jun 29
🧵 Thread: The biblical word that stumped humanity for 2,000 years—and it's probably in your living room right now.
1/8 Meet agartal (אגרטל)—a Hebrew word that appears exactly ONCE in the entire Bible. In Ezra 1:9, it's listed among temple treasures: "Thirty gold agartalim, a thousand silver agartalim..."
But what ARE agartalim? 🤔
2/8 Ancient translators had no clue. The Greek Septuagint guessed "wine coolers." The Latin Vulgate went with "shallow bowls." Medieval Jewish scholars threw up their hands: "some kind of vessel."
For over a millennium, this word was a complete mystery. 🏺
Read 9 tweets
Jun 16
🧵 THREAD: The Hidden Meaning Behind Israel's Operation Name
You've probably heard the name: "Operation Rising Lion." But that's not what it's called in Hebrew.
The real name is עַם כְּלָבִיא – Am KeLavi — "A people like a lion." 1/7
It comes from the Book of Numbers. Balaam, the prophet hired to curse the Israelites, ends up saying: "Behold, a people rises like a lion…"
The curse becomes a blessing. They meant to harm us — and we rose. It's a name with teeth. 2/7
The English version — "Rising Lion" — drops the word "people." It sounds similar, but the collective meaning is gone. The biblical force of the phrase is lost in translation. 3/7
Read 7 tweets

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