ShadowsOfConstantinople Profile picture
Aug 10, 2025 10 tweets 4 min read Read on X
The equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius in Rome is famous. However, the statue of Justinian in Constantinople dwarfed it!

“The horseman could have weighed more than 4425kg” whereas “the equestrian monument of Marcus Aurelius weighs ~2500kg.”

But, moving it was a challenge! 🧵 Image
The scale was an issue when it came to moving it, and mounting it atop a column. The statue originally was of Theodosius, placed in the Forum of Theodosius.

This statue was reappropriated for use by Justinian. But, putting it atop a tall column was the biggest challenge. Image
“The logistical aspect of the reinstallation of the Theodosian sculpture is particularly notable for our purposes: the removing, the moving, and the lifting of the monument to the top of the triumphal column in the Augoustaion.” Image
“Forum Tauri lays 850 m to the west of the forum of Constantine, while the latter is ca. 600 m to the west of the Augoustaion.” Image
“This means that the extremely heavy bronze monument had to be first separated from its original base, carefully lowered onto some kind of conveyance, then moved almost two kilometers to the Augoustaion along the Mese over a somewhat hilly terrain.” Image
“The Mese would have been the widest route and the most direct avenue for this action. Imperial construction took precedence over other traffic, and by extension over the daily life of the city’s residents.” Image
“The traffic movement on the Mese would have come to a standstill for the duration of the sculpture’s travels to the new forum. After the move to the Augoustaion was successfully accomplished, the monument had to be lifted over 50m into the air, set atop the column on a plinth.” Image
“This was truly a monumental accomplishment of brilliant engineering. This remarkable undertaking also means that for contemporaries it was no secret from whence Justinian sourced his monument.”

The name of Theodosius was even on the statue! Image
Imagine the biggest street in your city having a gigantic statue moving slowly for days or weeks, congesting traffic, disrupting business, etc! Image
Source: The Bronze Horseman of Justinian in Constantinople by Elena Boeck

amzn.to/4mcPxPN

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with ShadowsOfConstantinople

ShadowsOfConstantinople Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @RomeInTheEast

Dec 14, 2025
By the 1230’s the Romans in Nicaea were ready to expand in Europe.

The Latin Empire was weakened and Emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes wanted to liberate Constantinople.

John engaged in an unlikely alliance with Bulgaria and a joint siege of Constantinople was laid in 1235! 🧵 Image
The Romans and Bulgarians agreed the Treaty of Kallipolis where they agreed to destroy the Latins and partition Thrace in a mutually beneficial manner. To cement the alliance, Theodore II Laskaris married Elena of Bulgaria. Image
With the son of the Roman Emperor and daughter of the Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Asen II in union, a fruitful alliance seemed in place. The first mission was to oust the crusaders from Constantinople.

Taking the city was not easy though, and the attacking army faced serious challenges. Image
Read 11 tweets
Nov 15, 2025
The infamous battle of Manzikert in 1071 wasn’t the first battle there.

In 1054 the Seljuk Sultan mobilised his formidable army and marched against Romans.

The Turks planned to conquer Manzikert. But the brave Roman defenders and their valiant commander had other ideas!

🧵🧵 Image
The Seljuks, at odds with the Romans, had “combined all the Persian and Babylonian forces and invaded the Roman Empire.”

They found many cities were garrisoned with walls, the Turks ultimately decided upon “trying the strength of Manzikert.” Image
“Manzikert is a city lying on a plain but it is surrounded by a triple wall and has a plentiful supply of spring water. At that time it was very well supplied with the necessities of life.”

(Below is an old picture of the city in the Ottoman era to get an idea) Image
Read 18 tweets
Nov 9, 2025
How was Anatolia Turkified? One demographic instrument was Seljuk men often taking Christian wives and concubines from the Roman population in Anatolia.

The children would be raised Muslim, even with Christian mothers, and over time this contribute to a one way ethnic shift 🧵 Image
One must keep in mind for context:

Muslim men could take Christian wives, but Muslim women couldn’t marry Christians. So this form of demographic pressure was purely one way. This is in addition to the opportunity and incentive to convert to Islam, as opposed to being a dhimmi. Image
The Seljuk royal family had a harem, much like the far more famous Ottoman harem. This was a polygamous institution, whereby the Sultan could have 4 wives and as many enslaved concubines as he desired. In Seljuk Anatolia, these were quite often Rum women, Romans. Image
Read 21 tweets
Oct 14, 2025
“In the days of Justinian, ships around Constantinople were terrorized for over 50 years by a whale whom locals called Porphyrios, presumably from the dark-wine color of its skin.”

The angry whale sank ships and terrified others.

It was like the “Jaws” of the Roman Empire!
🧵🧵 Image
Prokopios described the beast: “the whale, which the residents of Byzantion (Constantinople) called Porphyrios…had harassed Byzantion and its surroundings for over 50 years, but not continuously, for sometimes it would disappear for long periods of time.” Image
“The Emperor Justinian made it a priority to capture the beast, but he could find no way by which to accomplish this.”

Justinian normally figured out a way to solve problems, but this one proved too much. Image
Read 8 tweets
Sep 22, 2025
Liquid fire was a legendary Eastern Roman weapon that saved Constantinople and incinerated enemy fleets!

In the 15th century John Chortasmenos read old histories and wondered:

“Where is this Greek Fire now?”

It was long gone, but when and how did they lose this weapon?

🧵🧵Image
The fearsome substance had quite a reputation. When the Crusaders attacked Constantinople in 1204 they seemed to prepare for it to be deployed against them, but they did not have to face it.

Instead, it seems the technology at some point had already been lost forever. Image
“According to Niketas(Choniates), the Venetians covered their galleys with ox hides as protection against fire, almost as though they expected to have to counter Greek Fire; however, neither he nor any Latin chronicler mentioned it actually being used against them.”

It was lost! Image
Read 14 tweets
Sep 13, 2025
THE BEACONS ARE LIT! ANATOLIA CALLS FOR AID!

During the 9th century the Eastern Roman Empire deployed a beacon system allowing it to send warnings of danger from the border with the Arabs to Constantinople in rapid time.

How did this “Lord of the Rings” style system work?

🧵🧵Image
This system was likely “created by Leo the Mathematician, who devised a code for the interpretation of signals, and had two identical water clocks made for the terminal stations. His work took account of the difference in longitude and the time the signal needed for transmission” Image
“Signals were flashed from Loulon north of the Cilician Gates, where the Arabs would be first observed, to Argos on the Hasan Dag in Cappadocia, thence by a series of unidentified stations to Mokilos above Pylai, then to Mt. Auxentios and the imperial palace… about 450 miles.” Image
Read 7 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Don't want to be a Premium member but still want to support us?

Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal

Or Donate anonymously using crypto!

Ethereum

0xfe58350B80634f60Fa6Dc149a72b4DFbc17D341E copy

Bitcoin

3ATGMxNzCUFzxpMCHL5sWSt4DVtS8UqXpi copy

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us!

:(