Today in 1945, George Orwell published a devastating critique of Communism.
Animal Farm reveals why every communist revolution follows the same tragic pattern: liberation to corruption to oppression.
Here are 10 truths from Animal Farm Orwell warned us never to forget 🧵👇🏼
1. Revolution contains the seeds of its own corruption
The animals overthrow their human farmer Mr. Jones to create an equal society, but the pigs who led the rebellion gradually adopt every human vice.
They sleep in beds, drink alcohol, walk on two legs…until the final scene where neighboring farmers can’t distinguish between the pigs and humans at a dinner party.
2. Power corrupts incrementally through small compromises
After the revolution, the pigs justify keeping the cows’ milk and apples as necessary “brain food” for leadership.
This first small inequality sets a precedent that escalates step by step to mass executions and Napoleon the pig becoming an absolute dictator.
3. Language becomes a weapon to control reality itself
The pigs’ spokesperson Squealer secretly changes the farm’s written commandments at night…“No animal shall drink alcohol” becomes “No animal shall drink alcohol to excess”
This eventually culminates in the absurd contradiction “All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.”
4. Ignorance is manufactured to enable oppression
Napoleon the pig raises puppies in isolation to become his vicious guard dogs while deliberately keeping other animals illiterate, so they cannot read the altered commandments.
5. Historical memory can be erased and rewritten
Snowball, a pig who heroically led the animals in battle and designed the windmill, is later portrayed by Napoleon as having been a traitor “in league with Jones from the beginning.”
The revolutionary anthem “Beasts of England” is also banned and replaced with songs praising Napoleon.
6. Propaganda is more powerful than physical force
Squealer the pig constantly threatens that “Jones will come back” if animals don’t obey, while presenting false statistics showing increased food production even as the animals starve.
They believe their suffering serves the greater good.
7. Scapegoating enables political manipulation
When the windmill collapses in a storm, Napoleon blames the exiled pig Snowball for sabotage.
After that, everything from missing eggs to broken tools is blamed on Snowball, deflecting from Napoleon’s failures.
8. Fear and violence reshape consciousness itself
Napoleon uses his trained attack dogs to force animals to falsely confess to conspiring with the exiled Snowball, then executes them publicly, creating such terror that even questioning orders becomes unthinkable.
9. Mass conformity is engineered, not natural
The sheep are trained to mindlessly chant slogans and drown out any dissent by bleating for minutes on end.
They easily switch from “Four legs good, two legs bad” to “Four legs good, two legs better” when the pigs start walking upright.
10. The working class’s loyalty becomes their exploitation
Boxer, the hardworking cart horse whose mottos are “I will work harder” and “Napoleon is always right,” collapsed from overwork.
Instead of retirement, Napoleon sells him to a glue factory for whiskey money while telling the animals he died in a hospital.
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Today in 1187, Saladin captured Jerusalem from the Crusaders.
The defenders fought valiantly for 12 days, but with only 14 knights against thousands, they could not hold against the might of Saladin’s army.
This is how Christian rule over Jerusalem came to its bitter end 🧵👇🏼
Three months earlier, the Kingdom of Jerusalem suffered a catastrophic defeat at Hattin.
Virtually its entire army was lost…about 18,000-20,000 men including 1,200 mounted knights. King Guy captured and only 200 knights escaped the slaughter.
This disaster left Jerusalem’s Christian population of 60,000-80,000 virtually defenseless.
Fewer than 14 knights remained in the city, which forced Balian of Ibelin to desperately knight 60 untrained squires and townsmen.
Today in 331 BC, Alexander the Great destroyed the world’s greatest empire at Gaugamela.
Outnumbered and 2,000 miles from home, he annihilated Darius III’s massive army in one of history’s greatest victories.
This is the battle that created a legend 🧵👇🏼
Alexander led 47,000 troops against Darius’s army of roughly 100,000.
They fought on a battlefield that the Persian king had specifically chosen and spent months preparing to favor his cavalry and chariots.
Darius had spent two years assembling this force after his earlier defeats to Alexander.
He brought together elite warriors from across his empire…Bactrian cavalry from the eastern steppes, 200 scythed chariots with blades attached to their wheels, and 15 war elephants.
Today in 1779, these five words rang out across the North Sea as John Paul Jones faced certain defeat.
His ship was sinking and his main guns were destroyed.
He defeated the British anyway, and became the father of the American Navy 🧵👇
Jones commanded the Bonhomme Richard, a converted 42 gun French merchant ship that was slower and structurally weaker than the brand new, copper bottomed 44 gun Serapis.
Early in the battle, two of Jones’s main 18-pounder guns exploded, which killed their crews.
This left him severely outgunned against the superior British warship.
What happens when people reject the social contract and embrace violence?
Well today in 1954, William Golding gave us a chilling description by publishing Lord of the Flies.
The book holds 10 truths that should be a sobering reminder to us all 🧵👇🏼
1. Democratic power can crumble when challenged by force
British schoolboys stranded on an island elected Ralph as leader instead of Jack, the head choirboy who expected to be chief.
Ralph made Jack hunting chief to keep peace, but Jack later used his hunters to violently seize control of all the boys.
2. Fear makes people choose tyranny over freedom
Ralph created a democracy where boys holding the conch could speak at meetings, and everyone voted on decisions like maintaining a rescue fire.
When fear of the “beast” spread, the boys abandon Ralph’s rational democracy for Jack’s dictatorship, trading their freedom for his promise of protection through violence.
Today in 1812, Moscow burned as Napoleon’s Grande Armée entered the city.
His dreams of conquest turned to ash as the Russians set their own capital ablaze rather than surrender it to him.
This is the devastating story of the invasion that destroyed Napoleon’s empire 🧵👇🏼
Russia’s withdrawal from Napoleon’s Continental System in December 1810, which was his economic blockade designed to strangle Britain through trade warfare, threatened to unravel his entire anti British strategy.
To force Russia back into line, Napoleon crossed the Niemen River in June 1812 with 615,000 troops, the largest European army ever assembled.
Only 300,000 were French while the rest included 190,000 Germans and 90,000 Poles and Lithuanians from across his empire.