🧵1/ The Kashmir Conflict remains one of the longest unresolved disputes in modern geopolitics amd history. Any discussion of resolution must consider the main stakeholders: the Kashmiri people themselves. Here’s a possible multi-step route toward peace.
2/ At its core, the dispute is about sovereignty, security, and self-determination. Over the decades, militarisation, insurgency, and political deadlock have deepened mistrust. A lasting solution must balance territorial claims with the rights and aspirations of Kashmiris.
3/ Step One: Human-Centered Confidence Building
Before tackling borders, prioritise humanitarian concerns: reduce troop presence in civilian areas, end arbitrary detentions, protect human rights, and expand freedom of movement. This signals seriousness about peace.
Before tackling borders, prioritise humanitarian concerns: reduce troop presence in civilian areas, end arbitrary detentions, protect human rights, and expand freedom of movement. This signals seriousness about peace.
4/ Step Two: Inclusive Dialogue
Past negotiations have mostly been bilateral (India–Pakistan). A durable solution requires formal inclusion of Kashmiri representatives across regions (Jammu, Valley, Ladakh, Gilgit-Baltistan, AJK). Their voices must shape the process.
Past negotiations have mostly been bilateral (India–Pakistan). A durable solution requires formal inclusion of Kashmiri representatives across regions (Jammu, Valley, Ladakh, Gilgit-Baltistan, AJK). Their voices must shape the process.
5/ Step Three: Regional Deescalation
Both India and Pakistan must reaffirm the ceasefire along the Line of Control and institutionalize military-to-military communication. Confidence here creates space for civilian political dialogue.
Both India and Pakistan must reaffirm the ceasefire along the Line of Control and institutionalize military-to-military communication. Confidence here creates space for civilian political dialogue.
6/ Step Four: Autonomy & Self-Governance Models
Explore constitutional mechanisms, such as meaningful regional autonomy, cross-LoC institutions for trade and cultural exchange, or phased self-governance arrangements. These can reduce zero-sum thinking.
Explore constitutional mechanisms, such as meaningful regional autonomy, cross-LoC institutions for trade and cultural exchange, or phased self-governance arrangements. These can reduce zero-sum thinking.
7/ Step Five: International Mediation & Monitoring
While India resists external arbitration, neutral third-party facilitation (track-II diplomacy, UN oversight of human rights, or regional organisations) could help sustain progress and ensure accountability.
While India resists external arbitration, neutral third-party facilitation (track-II diplomacy, UN oversight of human rights, or regional organisations) could help sustain progress and ensure accountability.
8/ Step Six: Economic & Social Integration
Economic investment, cross-border trade corridors, and cultural exchanges could create interdependencies that make conflict less attractive. Peace dividends must reach ordinary Kashmiris—not just elites.
Economic investment, cross-border trade corridors, and cultural exchanges could create interdependencies that make conflict less attractive. Peace dividends must reach ordinary Kashmiris—not just elites.
9/ Ultimately, a just resolution cannot be imposed. It must emerge from sustained dialogue, trust-building, and recognition of Kashmiris as primary stakeholders—not passive subjects.
10/ The Kashmir conflict is not intractable. But peace requires shifting from a territorial tug-of-war to a human security framework—where dignity, rights, and agency of the Kashmiri people come first. ✍️
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