Michael McGill 🏛 Profile picture
Aug 23 10 tweets 4 min read Read on X
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: Rome’s greatest #2.

Without Agrippa, Octavian would never have become Augustus.

He was a general, statesman, builder, and engineer; Rome's Renaissance Man.

Let’s give Agrippa the attention and appreciation he deserves. 🏛️🧵 Image
Agrippa and Octavian were friends from a young age.

When Julius Caesar adopted Octavian as his heir, Agrippa became his right-hand man.

Where Octavian lacked military genius, Agrippa supplied it in abundance. Image
In the civil wars, Agrippa was indispensable.

At the naval Battle of Naulochus (36 BC) he crushed Sextus Pompey, securing Rome’s grain supply.

A victory that ensured Rome would not starve. Image
At the decisive Battle of Actium (31 BC), Agrippa commanded the fleet that defeated Antony and Cleopatra.

The glory went to Augustus, but it was Agrippa’s victory.

Without him, the empire may never have been born. Image
But was Agrippa much more than a warlord. He was a master builder and engineer.

• Restored Rome’s aqueducts
• Built new baths and public works
• Commissioned the original Pantheon (later rebuilt by Hadrian)

Rome became a city of marble, and Agrippa laid the foundations. Image
Despite his great accomplishments, Agrippa remained humble.

He refused triumphs, stayed loyal to Augustus, and never tried to seize power for himself; despite having the ability.

He was ambitious, but not power-hungry like so many of his contemporaries. Image
Image
Agrippa came this close to becoming the second Emperor of Rome.

When Augustus needed a successor, he married his daughter Julia to Agrippa. For a time, it seemed Agrippa might rule after him.

Had he lived longer, history might have known him as Rome’s second emperor.Image
But Agrippa died young, in 12 BC, at just 51 years old.

His death shook Augustus deeply. He had lost not only his general and successor, but his lifelong friend. Image
Today, Agrippa is overshadowed by Augustus.

But in truth, Augustus was the politician; Agrippa was the builder, the fighter, the executor.

He was the ultimate number two; Augustus' indispensable right hand man. Image
Marcus Agrippa doesn’t get the spotlight often.

But without him, there would be no Augustus, no Actium, no Empire as we know it.

Augustus became Rome’s first emperor.

But Agrippa was the man who made it possible. Image

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More from @mcgillmd921

Aug 19
On this day in AD 14, Rome’s first emperor, Augustus, died.

Was it natural causes? Or poison at the hands of his wife, Livia? The death of Augustus is one of Rome’s great unsolved mysteries.

Let’s unravel the mystery of Augustus’s final act. 🧵 Image
Augustus had ruled Rome for over 40 years.

He ended the chaos of civil wars, reigned with near-absolute power, and carefully shaped an image as Princeps—“First Citizen,” not king.

But behind the curtain, he was every bit a monarch. Image
By 14 AD, Augustus was in his 70s, and feeling the effects of age.

He traveled south to Campania, hoping the fresh sea air would help his health. Instead, he became weak and ill.

On the surface, natural causes make sense.

But…

Many Romans suspected otherwise. Image
Read 12 tweets
Aug 17
Roman Emperor of the Week: Otho

Rome's 7th Emperor.

In the chaos of the Year of the Four Emperors, his reign lasted just three months before he took his own life.

This is the brief, dramatic reign of Otho, the emperor who chose death over civil war.Image
Name: Marcus Salvius Otho Caesar Augustus
Lifespan: AD 32 – AD 69
Reign: January – April AD 69
Came to power: Backed by the Praetorian Guard after Galba snubbed him as heir. Image
Early Life & Background

Otho was born into a noble Etruscan family on April 28, AD 32.

Even before he was emperor, Otho had a reputation for luxury and indulgence.

He was was so vain about his appearance that he carried a mirror with him wherever he went.Image
Read 11 tweets
Aug 16
In the mists of early Roman history, a mysterious old woman appeared before Tarquinius Superbus, the last king of Rome.

She carried nine scrolls, and offered to sell them to the proud King for a great price.

What Tarquinius did next shaped the future of Rome. 🧵 Image
Tarquinius laughed in her face. The price she demanded was absurd.

Without a word, the sybil burned three of the scrolls before his eyes. She then offered him the remaining six scrolls -- for the same price. Image
Again, the king laughed at the old woman.

She burned three more. Now, only three scrolls remained.

The air felt colder. The courtiers shifted uncomfortably. She offered the final three at the same staggering price. Image
Read 12 tweets
Aug 13
Roman emperors weren’t just powerful.

They were downright weird.

Here are 10 of Rome’s strangest, most bizarre, and utterly absurd emperors. 🧵 Image
Caligula — The Sea Conqueror

Declared war on Neptune, god of the sea.

Ordered his soldiers to attack the waves and collect seashells as “spoils of war.”

A new low in military strategy.Image
Vitellius — The Glutton

He loved to eat more than anything.

His favorite dish was called "The Shield of Minerva." It contained bird livers, peacock brains, flamingo tongues, and fish sperm.

His downfall? Civil war, not indigestion.Image
Read 12 tweets
Aug 11
Rome wasn’t just built on legions, wars, and conquests. It was built on the words of its most prominent icons.

And long after Rome fell, those words live on.

Here are the greatest quotes from Roman history and the moments that made them immortal. 🏛️🧵 Image
“Alea iacta est.” – Julius Caesar

“The die is cast.”

49 BC. Caesar crosses the Rubicon, defying the Senate and plunging Rome into civil war.

No turning back.Image
“Et tu, Brute?” – Julius Caesar

“You too, Brutus?”

The Ides of March, 44 BC. Surrounded by daggers, Caesar sees his friend among the assassins.

Betrayal cuts deeper than steel.Image
Read 12 tweets
Aug 10
Roman Emperor of the Week: Galba

The 6th Emperor of Rome.

Galba seized the throne after Nero’s death.

Within seven months, he was murdered by the very guards who put him in power.

Here’s the short, bloody reign of Galba, the first emperor of the Year of the Four Emperors. Image
Name: Servius Sulpicius Galba Caesar Augustus
Lifespan: 3 BC – AD 69
Reign: June AD 68 – January AD 69
Came to power: Governor of Hispania Tarraconensis who rebelled against Nero and was proclaimed emperor by the Senate. Image
Early Life & Background

Galba was born on December 24th 3 BC in Terracina, a coastal town southeast of Rome.

Hose through the ranks as a capable general and administrator, serving under emperors Tiberius, Caligula, and Claudius.Image
Read 10 tweets

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