1/14 🧵
A protestant says: “No such place as Purgatory. It’s Heaven or Hell, no in between.” Let’s walk through Scripture, the Fathers, and the faith of the historic Churches—not to argue, but to clarify what Purgatory is and what it is not.
2/14
First: what Purgatory is not. It is not a second chance after death. It is not Hell with an exit door. It is not earning salvation. Salvation comes only through Christ. Purgatory is for the saved—for those destined for Heaven.
3/14
Scripture shows us that nothing unclean shall enter Heaven (Rev. 21:27). Yet most of us die still clinging to sins, weaknesses, attachments. God’s love purifies us. Purgatory is that final cleansing, so we may see Him face to face.
4/14
In 2 Maccabees 12:44–46, Judas Maccabeus offers prayers and sacrifice for the dead, that they might be freed from sin. Why pray for the dead if there is no benefit? This is one of the clearest Old Testament glimpses of purgatorial hope.
5/14
St. Paul writes: “The work of each will be tested by fire… If it is burned up, he will suffer loss; he himself will be saved, but only as through fire” (1 Cor. 3:13–15). This is not Hell—it is purification of the saved, a fiery cleansing love.
6/14
Elsewhere Paul prays: “May the Lord grant mercy… to Onesiphorus” (2 Tim. 1:18). Why pray for a departed Christian if his fate were sealed? The early Church continued this practice, seeing death not as the end of mercy, but its fulfillment.
7/14
The Fathers of the Church testify. St. Augustine wrote: “Some of the dead are not so good as to be thought unworthy of mercy, nor so bad as to be deemed unworthy of mercy; for these the prayers of the Church are profitable.”
8/14
St. Gregory the Great taught: “The holy souls are purified by the fire of cleansing after death.” The East also speaks of this mystery: not as “purgatory” in Latin terms, but as the soul’s necessary purification before entering divine glory.
9/14
This belief is not a late invention. It is found across the Apostolic Churches—Latin West, Greek East, Syriac, Coptic, Armenian, and more. All hold that the faithful departed benefit from prayers, almsgiving, and the Eucharist offered on their behalf.
10/14
Notice: this is not about punishment from an angry God. It is about healing from a loving God. As C.S. Lewis put it: “Our souls demand Purgatory… If we have not been cleansed, what else can we wish for?”
11/14
Purgatory, then, is not an “in-between” place, but the final stage of sanctification. It is the soul, already saved, being prepared to behold God with unveiled face (2 Cor. 3:18).
12/14
It is mercy. It is hope. It is the embrace of a God who refuses to leave us half-healed. It is the final “yes” of grace, carrying us across the threshold of eternity.
13/14
So when we pray for the dead, when we offer Masses for them, we are acting in line with Scripture, with the Fathers, and with the whole Apostolic Church. We are loving them into Heaven.
14/14
Heaven or Hell are indeed the final ends. Purgatory does not contradict that—it prepares the saved for Heaven. It is not a third destiny, but the last fire of love. And so we say with joy: “Lord, bring them to perfection in your presence.”
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1/15 🧵
The parable of the dishonest steward (Luke 16:1–13) has puzzled Christians for centuries. A steward cheats his master, reduces debts, and is praised for it. Many ask: How can this make sense? Let’s walk through it together.
2/15
Here’s the text: A steward is accused of wasting his master’s goods. About to be fired, he calls in the debtors and lowers their bills. The master commends him for acting shrewdly. Jesus adds: “Make friends with unrighteous wealth…” (Luke 16:9).
3/15
Even the Fathers admitted this was hard. St. Augustine confessed, “This parable is indeed difficult, and I confess I scarcely understand it” (Sermon 359). The honesty here is important: Scripture challenges us.
1/14 🧵
A Latter-day Saint asked: “Does the Father require the Son to be the Father? Does the Son require the Father to be the Son? Must God be triune?” Let’s walk together into this mystery of who God is.
2/14
The Bible reveals one God: “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God is one Lord” (Deut 6:4). Yet Jesus commands baptism “in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit” (Matt 28:19). One God. Three Persons.
3/14
In human families, a father needs a child to be called father. But God is not like us. He is eternal, beyond time. The Father has always been Father, because the Son has always been Son. “There was never when the Son was not” (St. Athanasius).
1/12 🧵
A Protestant recently quoted: “For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God” (Romans 3:23). They concluded that Mary, the Mother of Jesus, must have been a sinner. But what does this verse really mean? And how has the Church always understood it? Let’s walk through it.
2/12
Romans 3:23 is not an isolated slogan — it’s part of a larger argument. St. Paul is explaining that all humanity—Jew and Gentile alike—are in need of salvation. The point is universal need, not that no exceptions exist. Scripture itself shows clear exceptions.
3/12
For example, Paul says “all” in a way that does not mean absolutely every single person without exception. In 1 Corinthians 15:22 he writes: “In Adam, all die,” yet Christ is an exception — and so will be those who are alive when He returns (1 Thess. 4:17).
1/14 🧵
Lately I’ve seen many say: “Penal substitutionary atonement is non-negotiable in Christianity.”
If you’ve heard that and felt confused, you’re not alone. Let’s walk through what it means — and what the historic Church actually teaches about the Cross.
2/14
Penal substitution says Jesus took the exact punishment we deserved, that the Father’s wrath had to be poured out on Him before we could be forgiven. It pictures the Cross as a legal penalty being paid so God could declare us “not guilty.”
3/14
The Apostolic Churches — East and West — never taught this as the heart of the Gospel. From the earliest days, the Cross was proclaimed as victory over death, the healing of our wounds, and our reconciliation with God.
1/15 🧵
Now and then, a claim circulates that “women were ordained as pastors, priests, and bishops in the first centuries, and the Church stopped because of patriarchy.” Let’s walk together through history—calmly, honestly, and without losing sight of God’s plan for His Church.
2/15
First, the role of women in the Body of Christ has always been essential. From the women who stood at the Cross when most apostles fled, to those who carried the message of the Resurrection itself—women have been foundational witnesses to the Gospel from day one.
3/15
In the early Church, we find women called deaconesses—especially in the East. These were not sacramental ordinations to the altar like the diaconate of men, but ministries of service, often to other women in baptism and pastoral care.
1/18 🧵
A Protestant says:
“The saints in heaven are awaiting the final resurrection—so by definition, they’re dead.”
Let’s respond. Because this idea—that the saints are still dead and therefore can’t hear us—is not what the historic Church has ever believed.
2/18
We begin with the Creed:
“I believe in the communion of saints.”
Every historic Christian recites it.
But what does it mean?
3/18
The communion of saints is not just a poetic phrase.
It’s a doctrine of profound unity—between those still on earth, those being purified, and those already in glory.
In Christ, we are one Body.
Not someday.
Now.