A "cognitive bias" is a systematic error in thinking that ruins decision-making.
The 12 most powerful cognitive biases I've found:
The 12 most powerful cognitive biases I've found:
1. Parkinson's Law:
Work expands to fill the time given.
When we have more time, we tend to procrastinate and become inefficient.
A good reminder to track your tasks duration and energy level.
Work expands to fill the time given.
When we have more time, we tend to procrastinate and become inefficient.
A good reminder to track your tasks duration and energy level.
2. Goodhart's Law:
When a measure becomes a goal, it stops being a good measure.
I.g: Exams and standard admission shifted the focus of education.
It's no longer about the students, but about grades and pay.
When a measure becomes a goal, it stops being a good measure.
I.g: Exams and standard admission shifted the focus of education.
It's no longer about the students, but about grades and pay.
3. P.S. If you want my collection of the best, most useful mental models, cognitive biases, and cognitive tendencies, grab a free copy of my product here:
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4. The Curse of Knowledge:
Experts assume everyone knows what they know.
But they struggle to teach or lead effectively for those still learning.
Simplicity is an art.
Experts assume everyone knows what they know.
But they struggle to teach or lead effectively for those still learning.
Simplicity is an art.
5. The Bandwagon Effect:
We humans are social creatures, which has its benefits.
But there's a downside too...
We often follow the crowd without thinking, just because everyone else is doing it.
Beware of the Bandwagon Effect, it's like "groupthink" and can be risky.
We humans are social creatures, which has its benefits.
But there's a downside too...
We often follow the crowd without thinking, just because everyone else is doing it.
Beware of the Bandwagon Effect, it's like "groupthink" and can be risky.
6. Egocentric Bias:
We tend to think more highly of ourselves than we should.
In group activities, we overestimate our contributions compared to others.
We tend to think more highly of ourselves than we should.
In group activities, we overestimate our contributions compared to others.
7. Cynicism
"Cynical people may seem smarter, but research suggests they're actually less intelligent.
Deep cynicism is a defense mechanism (may results in neuroticism), not a sign of true intelligent.
Moderate dose advised.
"Cynical people may seem smarter, but research suggests they're actually less intelligent.
Deep cynicism is a defense mechanism (may results in neuroticism), not a sign of true intelligent.
Moderate dose advised.
8. Skinner's Law:
• When procrastinating, you have 2 choices:
1. Make not doing it more painful than doing it.
2. Make doing it more enjoyable than not doing it.
• When procrastinating, you have 2 choices:
1. Make not doing it more painful than doing it.
2. Make doing it more enjoyable than not doing it.
9. Hofstadter's Law:
Projects always take longer and cost more than you expect, even when you consider Hofstadter's Law.
Double the time, triple the cost—despite your best calculations.
Projects always take longer and cost more than you expect, even when you consider Hofstadter's Law.
Double the time, triple the cost—despite your best calculations.
10. Elon's Law:
Beat Hofstadter's Law with an insanely ambitious deadline. Even if it takes 3x longer, you're still ahead of the game.
Elon Musk missing his super deadlines is a feature, not a bug.
Beat Hofstadter's Law with an insanely ambitious deadline. Even if it takes 3x longer, you're still ahead of the game.
Elon Musk missing his super deadlines is a feature, not a bug.
11. Loss Aversion
Discovered by scientists Tversky and Kahneman, it reveals that the pain of losing is stronger than the pleasure of winning.
As a result, humans will go to greater lengths to avoid losses than to pursue gains.
Discovered by scientists Tversky and Kahneman, it reveals that the pain of losing is stronger than the pleasure of winning.
As a result, humans will go to greater lengths to avoid losses than to pursue gains.
12. Occam's Razor:
• Simple assumptions are often right.
• Don't overcomplicate things with too many assumptions.
• Simple assumptions are often right.
• Don't overcomplicate things with too many assumptions.
13. "It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is; it doesn’t matter how smart you are. If it doesn’t agree with the experiment, it’s wrong."
– Richard Feynman
– Richard Feynman
If you want my collection of the best, most useful mental models, cognitive biases, and cognitive tendencies, grab a free copy of my product here:
besuperhuman.gumroad.com/l/mentalmodels
besuperhuman.gumroad.com/l/mentalmodels
That's a wrap!
Follow @ToanTruongGTX for more fascinating stories about human psychology and historical events that changed how we see the world.
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Follow @ToanTruongGTX for more fascinating stories about human psychology and historical events that changed how we see the world.
Like and RT to share this story :)
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