An ant queen mass produces cloned sons of ANOTHER SPECIES
This queen is from a species called “Messor ibericus”. A species means a population with its own gene pool (like humans and chimps, which split 6 million years ago and can’t interbreed). “Messor ibericus” and “Messor structor” split about 5 million years ago, so they’re different species too.
Here’s what was uncovered
- when the queen makes daughters, she mixes her DNA with sperm to create hybrids (normal)
But (!)
- when she makes sons, she ERASES her own DNA entirely. The result is males that are exact genetic CLONES of Messor structor (a completely *different species* !!)
- the queen has *stored sperm from another species* in her reproductive tract, and when she makes sons, she discards her own DNA and uses only the other species sperm’s genome
So the sons are literally cloned copies of another species’ males
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
When I was in elementary school, my mom started going blind. Retinitis pigmentosa. No family history. No treatments. No cure.
I got lucky. She didn’t. It led me to build @OrchidInc so my baby —and everyone else's—gets to win the genetic lottery—avoid blindness— and hundreds of severe genetic diseases.
Today, the New York Times covered the tech we’ve spent years building:
Whole genome embryo screening for *hundreds* of diseases.
Not in theory. Not in mice. In humans. In IVF centers. Right now.
If you could prevent your child from going blind — would you? From getting pediatric cancer at 5? From heart defects? Schizophrenia at 22?
From living a life radically altered by pure genetic bad luck?
This is a choice parents are now able to make.
Sex is for fun. Embryo screening is for babies.
I said that in a video.
People freaked out.
But it’s true. And it will only get more true as the tech improves.
We screen for what matters. And nothing matters more than health.
This .gif is from an amazing new study. It shows an oocyte being extracted from an ovarian follicle and being replaced by another oocyte.
This process can have an amazing effect. If you plop an old oocyte into a young follicle, it can reverse its age, making it fertile again!
As I covered in an earlier thread (see below), women's fertility loss with age is mostly down to oocyte aging, so if we can reverse oocyte age by changing its environment that might mean older women can have their own kids without needing frozen eggs!
Everyone knows fertility is the ability to reproduce, but everyone hasn't heard of fecundability, the potential to reproduce. The difference has to do with reproducing versus being able to reproduce.
Fecundability declines with age🧵
After about age 20, it becomes harder and harder to get pregnant for those who are trying.
The data that shows us this is a 2.8 million person dataset assembled from samples in 62 different countries.
The sample also includes men, and we can see male age matters too:
Isn't that cool? Contrary to the popular belief that men are always able to reproduce, both male and female fertility is affected by age, and for older women, a younger man will have an easier time getting her pregnant.
But the woman's age is still the more important factor:
Pretty absurd that chatGPT has passed the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE).
Today, it takes 4 years of med school and 2+ years of clinical rotations to pass. It tests ambiguous scenarios & closely-related differential diagnoses
@paulg's essay "How to Start a Startup" summarized in tweets
To create a successful startup: 1. start with good people 2. make something customers actually want 3. spend as little money as possible
THE IDEA
You don't need a brilliant idea.
Startups make money by offering better tech than what people have now. What people have usually sucks, so it's not that hard to do better.
Good people can fix bad ideas, but good ideas can't save bad people.
THE PEOPLE
Hire people that
- you could describe as "an animal"
- take their work a little too seriously, to the point they are a bit obsessive.
- are smart and can get things done
- don't have so much attitude that you can't stand them.