Each day, we breathe more than 7,000 litres of air. Unsurprisingly, the quality of this air really matters.
Finally, thanks to @bronking, @ayyemm and so many others, we saw clean indoor air advocacy on the world stage at the UN last week.
Momentum is building.
So what's next?
In a new @ConversationEDU article (linked below) we propose three next steps. 1. Govts need to be strategic. #IAQ can't be fixed everywhere at once. If we reduce airborne transmission where it matters, just enough to get the reproduction number R below 1, outbreaks can't spread.
For maxium health impact, initial focus needs to be on public settings where people gather every day: work, education, healthcare. 2. There must be standards & accountability. Gentle guidelines aren't good enough for drinking water safety: the same is true for the air we breathe.
3. We need to lead from the community too, and raise up clean air champions like @CleanAir4KidsUK .
Each action, no matter how small, becomes a building block of our everyday public health infrastructure, our pandemic preparedness & our climate response.
For more ideas, see 👇
A crucial point here. To achieve transformative change we don't need to prevent every infection everywhere.
We just need to be strategic. Identify the key transmission nodes and make those safe. Schools, workplaces, healthcare.
When R<1 infections can't spread.
How though? ->
Clean indoor air in public spaces is the key:
- Ventilation and filtration
- Policies and resources to enable staying home when sick
- No more surgical masks for viruses. Where masks are needed, respirator masks (eg, N95) are highly effective.
Which infections would that stop?->
You can control any infection if you control its transmission route.
In the case of respiratory infections, that's airborne spread.
Endemic, epidemic, pandemic: controlling airborne spread is just physics. And viruses can't evolve around physics. ->
It will take time and resources to make every indoor space safe - so how to prioritise?
For rapid seasonal and pandemic preparedness we need to focus first on settings that enable superspreading. There's good evidence about which settings those are, and how to make them safe. 1/
Schools, for example, are v effective propagators of outbreaks:
- Large numbers of contacts
- Indoor air quality often poor
- Long duration of exposure
- Universal attendance
- Children don't live alone: they live in households with other age groups -> community spread.
2/
Similarly,
- health settings (self evidently this is where infectious people congregate in winter respiratory seasons & an emerging pandemic)
- transport (++++ contacts, extended exposure)
- hospitality (crowded, can't mask when eating)
- ..etc.
NZ's capacity to implement the findings from its own Inquiry is threatened by massive cuts to public health, in stark contrast with Aus, where the release of their report coincided with an announcement of a A$251 million investment in a national centre for disease control.
2/4
The NZ Govt appears to be hoping that the Inquiry report will quickly be forgotten.
But the next pandemic may well occur within this term, at which point people will remember that NZ's capacity to respond to a significant health threat was torpedoed by its own government.
3/4
Globally, economists are estimating the productivity costs of Long Covid. LC is common & affects working-age adults. Costs add up fast to large numbers (9 countries -> 0.5-2.3% of GDP).
What are the costs to New Zealand? No-one appears to be counting. 1/ phcc.org.nz/briefing/long-…
In our Briefing out today, we review some international evidence on the economic impacts of Long Covid, consider the potential effects in the NZ context, and outline actions that the NZ Government can take to mitigate these costs.
@PaulaLorgelly
2/
Three key actions:
1. Reduce Covid-19 case numbers
- use evidenced public health measures: clean the indoor air!
- expand eligibility & coverage of Covid vaccines
...ensuring that these protections are in place for workforces & sectors at high risk of Covid-19 and Long Covid.
Excellent points here from @jacktame. Protecting the health of school communities has to come first.
Making attendance the #1 goal is manifestly self-defeating.
Sick kids in school -> teachers sick -> families sick -> no-one is learning.
We need an action plan for schools: 1/5
We wrote about this policy gap in 2022 and then again in 2023, calling for an Action Plan for NZ schools and describing what needed to be done. Long Covid adds urgency to the need for safe schools.
More detail in this thread 👇 about the many actions that can be taken to slow the spread of infections through schools: protecting children's health and education + teachers' occupational safety, and keeping older & younger family members safe too.
Here's a new Briefing about implications of our new major mask review for Aotearoa New Zealand.
Winter is on the way, respiratory infection rates are up, & there's a potential new pandemic on the horizon.
The NZ Government needs act on the review, upgrading its outdated mask policies so we can benefit from effective and versatile protection against seasonal, epidemic, and pandemic infections.
1. Identifying situations and settings where mask wearing can protect population health during winter 2024 and beyond.
Healthcare settings are an absolute no-brainer here, and so is public transport.