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How can we separate changes to *perception itself* from changes to higher-level judgments and responses? Our latest work (preprint @ perception.jhu.edu/color) introduces a new approach to this deep & difficult problem, by exploring various "memory color" effects as a case study.
Memory color effects are said to occur when the known color of an object changes how it visually appears. For example, a gray banana might appear to be a bit yellow, or an orange heart might appear redder than it really is, because we know what color they're *supposed* to be. 
There are many ways to study memory color effects, one of which involves asking subjects to say when an object looks "gray". For a banana, subjects identify a slightly *bluish* looking banana as gray—as if the mind is adding some yellow, so that blue is needed to counteract it.
