Discover and read the best of Twitter Threads about #archivesxt
Most recents (7)
my article;
"An African island at the nexus of global trade: The Comoros island of Nzwani from 750-1889AD"
The history of one of the Indian Ocean world's busiest port cities.
isaacsamuel.substack.com/p/an-african-i…
"An African island at the nexus of global trade: The Comoros island of Nzwani from 750-1889AD"
The history of one of the Indian Ocean world's busiest port cities.
isaacsamuel.substack.com/p/an-african-i…
In the 17th century, a small island off the coast of East Africa became a cosmopolitan locus of economic and cultural interchanges in the Indian ocean world that stitched together the continents of Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas.
isaacsamuel.substack.com/p/an-african-i…
isaacsamuel.substack.com/p/an-african-i…
Nzwani forged economic and political alliances with distant maritime empires through strategies of similitude, enabling it to grow its economy and emerge as one of the most important port cities in the Indian ocean
isaacsamuel.substack.com/p/an-african-i…
isaacsamuel.substack.com/p/an-african-i…
calling dhows at Zanzibar 1880s
the method is clearly shown; from dhows (in the background) to canoes (middle-ground) to the porters (foreground)
these porters were some of the regions earliest wage earners in the 19th century
the method is clearly shown; from dhows (in the background) to canoes (middle-ground) to the porters (foreground)
these porters were some of the regions earliest wage earners in the 19th century
Bouna, ivory Coast
capital of the 17th cent. bouna kingdom, it was a scholary centre linked with gonja, bondouku and wa (in this thread) and home to a soninke gold trading diaspora that extended to ancient cities of jenne and begho
-Old Mosque: first built in 1795/6
#historyxt
capital of the 17th cent. bouna kingdom, it was a scholary centre linked with gonja, bondouku and wa (in this thread) and home to a soninke gold trading diaspora that extended to ancient cities of jenne and begho
-Old Mosque: first built in 1795/6
#historyxt
Bouna was first mentioned by al-siddiq of timbuktu in the 18th cent. then Henry Barth called it "place of great celebrity for its learning and its schools"
It was conquered by asante empire in late 18th cent., rebelled in 1801, sacked by samori in 1896
Wa
It was conquered by asante empire in late 18th cent., rebelled in 1801, sacked by samori in 1896
Wa
Reading...
A. Massing's;
The imams of gonja
jstor.org/stable/4144603…
And
The wangara, an old soninke diaspora in West Africa
jstor.org/stable/4393041…
See "Juula" in
History of islam in Africa
N. Levtzion
books.google.com/books/about/Th…
Wa and the Wala
I. Wilks
books.google.com/books/about/Wa…
A. Massing's;
The imams of gonja
jstor.org/stable/4144603…
And
The wangara, an old soninke diaspora in West Africa
jstor.org/stable/4393041…
See "Juula" in
History of islam in Africa
N. Levtzion
books.google.com/books/about/Th…
Wa and the Wala
I. Wilks
books.google.com/books/about/Wa…
bornu horsemen 1920s
#archivesxt
bornu was the one state of the "african knights" most dependent on its 50-100,000 strong cavalry, creating the first truly trans saharan empire stretching from libya to nigeria with armour typically consisting of chain-mail, steel/iron 1/2
#archivesxt
bornu was the one state of the "african knights" most dependent on its 50-100,000 strong cavalry, creating the first truly trans saharan empire stretching from libya to nigeria with armour typically consisting of chain-mail, steel/iron 1/2
helmets, with both men and horses fully covered in quilted cotton (lifidi) and brass swords (takoba)
primarily to protect their virtual trade monopoly in salt and natron in the sahel mined by the tubu (most were located in the desert) and re-export of leather from hausaland 2/2
primarily to protect their virtual trade monopoly in salt and natron in the sahel mined by the tubu (most were located in the desert) and re-export of leather from hausaland 2/2
also to remove the fezzani-berber intermediaries from the tunis route and fend off tuareg attacks
The Horse in West African History
R. Law
books.google.com.ph/books/about/Th…
The African Knights: The Armies of Sokoto, Bornu, and Bagirmi in the 19th cent.
C. Cairns
books.google.com.ph/books/about/Th…
The Horse in West African History
R. Law
books.google.com.ph/books/about/Th…
The African Knights: The Armies of Sokoto, Bornu, and Bagirmi in the 19th cent.
C. Cairns
books.google.com.ph/books/about/Th…
kano, old town
Walter Mittelholzer 1930
#historyxt
#archivesxt
the tenth century hausa city grew in the 15/16th century under songhai till it became the commercial capital of west africa in the 19th century
surrounded by a 30ft high wall <like zinder's>, the city ... 1/3
Walter Mittelholzer 1930
#historyxt
#archivesxt
the tenth century hausa city grew in the 15/16th century under songhai till it became the commercial capital of west africa in the 19th century
surrounded by a 30ft high wall <like zinder's>, the city ... 1/3
imported textiles (yoruba), linen (egypt), kola nuts (asante), gunpowder and paper (europeans), exporting everything from leather products < like sandals, saddles, book covers, the so-called moroccan leather> to dyed cloths, swords and other weaponry
supplanting trade rivals 2/3
supplanting trade rivals 2/3
katsina and timbuktu
reading;
Government in Kano, 1350-1950
Michael Garfield Smith
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Go…
Economic history of West Africa
Gabriel Ogundeji Ogunremi, E. K. Faluyi
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Ec…
travels of
Heinrich Barth, Dixon Denham, Hugh Clapperton, Walter Oudney
reading;
Government in Kano, 1350-1950
Michael Garfield Smith
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Go…
Economic history of West Africa
Gabriel Ogundeji Ogunremi, E. K. Faluyi
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Ec…
travels of
Heinrich Barth, Dixon Denham, Hugh Clapperton, Walter Oudney
Taleh fort complex 1910-1915
sanaag, somaliland
the fort complex served as the capital of somali anti-colonial rebel; Mohammed Abdullah Hassan -leader of the dervish state
the fort was bombed by the british in 1919 one of the earliest incidents of aerial bombardment
#archivesxt
sanaag, somaliland
the fort complex served as the capital of somali anti-colonial rebel; Mohammed Abdullah Hassan -leader of the dervish state
the fort was bombed by the british in 1919 one of the earliest incidents of aerial bombardment
#archivesxt
mohammed hassan, then called mad mullah was the leader of one of africa's long-lasting colonial armed rebellions from 1899-1920 and is revered in somalia today
recent photos
reading
a tribute to captain A. Gibb
britishempire.co.uk/article/taleh.…
recent photos
reading
a tribute to captain A. Gibb
britishempire.co.uk/article/taleh.…
Churchill and the Mad Mullah of Somaliland: Betrayal and Redemption 1899-1921
Roy Irons
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Ch…
Roy Irons
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Ch…
17th cent. Fasilides' pool
a large rectangular bath built about the same time as Fasilides castle by the same gondarine emperor in the fortified royal city of gondar whose architecture is late axumite-mughal blend
now used mostly for the annual timket celebration
#historyxt
a large rectangular bath built about the same time as Fasilides castle by the same gondarine emperor in the fortified royal city of gondar whose architecture is late axumite-mughal blend
now used mostly for the annual timket celebration
#historyxt
The Archaeology of the Jesuit Missions in Ethiopia (1557–1632)
Victor M. Fernández, Jorge De Torres, Andreu Martínez d'Alòs-Moner, Carlos Cañete
books.google.co.ug/books?id=LtMuD…
The Ethiopian Borderlands:
Richard Pankhurst,
books.google.co.ug/books?id=zpYBD…
Victor M. Fernández, Jorge De Torres, Andreu Martínez d'Alòs-Moner, Carlos Cañete
books.google.co.ug/books?id=LtMuD…
The Ethiopian Borderlands:
Richard Pankhurst,
books.google.co.ug/books?id=zpYBD…
a few churches from the tigray region of the late & post aksumite era <after 800CE>
see interiors in next tweet
#historyxt
wukro chirkos
Mikael Imba
Abreha we Atsehba
Maryam korkor
many contain paintings from the 13th century-
some were damaged during the abyssinia-adal wars
see interiors in next tweet
#historyxt
wukro chirkos
Mikael Imba
Abreha we Atsehba
Maryam korkor
many contain paintings from the 13th century-
some were damaged during the abyssinia-adal wars
