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OK, most of the following is textbook stuff on #HVDC but just a quick reference for what a "low-voltage metallic return" - the faulty part of #Basslink - is used. 
Basslink is a monopolar HVDC system and the original design was based on an earth return. This is quite typical of monopolar #HVDC systems as it reduces cost (requires only one cable) and losses (again because of one cable)
ptd.siemens.de/IEE_HVDC_0306.…
ptd.siemens.de/IEE_HVDC_0306.…
The reasons #Basslink was eventually designed with a metallic return were mostly environmental (see link above) to avoid
"- Corrosion of long metallic structures
- Electrolysis effects of sea electrodes
- Electric and magnetic field effects"
"- Corrosion of long metallic structures
- Electrolysis effects of sea electrodes
- Electric and magnetic field effects"
