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As a follow-up to a thread on the #GunābādīNiʿmatullāhī order and #ShiiSufism some thoughts on Maʿṣūm ʿAlī Shāh (d. 1926) the famous 'historian' of Sufism 1/ 
His father Raḥmat ʿAlī Shāh (d. 1861) came at the end of a scholarly lineage of #Niʿmatullāhī Shaykhs: Muḥammad Jaʿfar Majdhūb ʿAlī Shāh (d. 1824), Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn Shīrvānī Mast ʿAlī Shāh (d. 1838), and Raḥmat ʿAlī Shāh himself all of whom had good relations at court2/
Majdhūb ʿAlī Shāh was closely linked to the traditional seminarian philosophers in Isfahan and Tehran and wrote a scholarly polemic against Henry Martyn (d. 1812) called Mirʾāt al-ḥaqq ar.rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/…مجذوب-علي-شاه 2a/
Back in 2011 I was standing on a pavement in Qum taking a picture of a small car park - and being rather quick about it - because until a few years before it had been a centre for the #Gunābādī #Sufis - a thread on #Shii #Sufism 1/
The place of #Sufism within a #Shii context since the #Safavid period has increasingly become contested but orders have survived into the present and different levels of accommodation found in post-79 #Iran 2/
The late Leonard Lewisohn's two part article in #BSOAS is a useful if at times polemical summary of the #Sufi orders in modern Iran and their history cambridge.org/core/journals/… 3/
