Discover and read the best of Twitter Threads about #nad
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THREAD on ' #NAD+ to assess health in aging humans'
Authored by Georges Janssens of Amsterdam University Medical Center, and colleagues. (1/12)
Authored by Georges Janssens of Amsterdam University Medical Center, and colleagues. (1/12)
Discovered over 100 years ago as the electron carrier for redox enzymes, and later revealed as a signaling hub, NAD+ has received a surge of attention in the last decades in the aging research field . (2/12)
Over 500 enzymatic reactions use NAD+ to sustain life and cellular homeostasis. (3/12)
I agree with @EricVerdin @BuckInstitute on this one - he does a nice job placing in perspective and balancing the knowns and unknowns of #NAD+ targeting - mostly therapeutically, although nontrivial work remains regarding oncology risk appraisal.
mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/9…
mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/9…
Despite the popularity indeed: "promising, yet still speculative... further trials are required to determine the optimal method of raising NAD levels, identifying the target conditions, and comparisons to the present standard of care for these conditions" (2/3)
And *yes* "methods that increase NAD levels should also be directly compared to physiological means of raising NAD levels, such as exercise programs and dietary interventions that are tailored to older individuals, and which may be more effective"
Would add: " for metformin & AKG
Would add: " for metformin & AKG
So grateful to @TheFangGroupUiO and impressed with @NoAge100. Months ago, I told Evandro that @HorizonsHK invited me to beautiful #Norway. He responded with a request to keynote noage100.com/2019/08/17/nad… 
At this conf, there were presentations on clinical testing of #nicotinamideriboside in #ataxiatelangiectasia, #Parkinsonsdisease, #frailty, #chemotherapyinducedcardiomyopathy & #amyotrophiclateralsclerosis, all premised on sound preclinical data and all based in beautiful Norway
Beyond that, they have strong interest/plans in #alcoholicliverdisease, #mildcognitiveimpairment & more. So impressed with the scientists, physicians & institutions in Norway that make this possible @Ahus_no @oslouniversity @ChromaDex #NR #NAD #Bergen #Tromsø #thebestisyettocome
The body has a glucose-based economy because that is the main fuel that circulates & what the brain prefers. This is not an argument to eat refined sugar, which is clearly bad, it’s just a fact. DNA & RNA are built from forms of ribose. How do cells convert glucose to ribose? /1
They use NADP+ & the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). This also produces NADPH and the power to build cellular materials and signaling molecules with the captured electrons #redox #wondersofnature #biochem #NADtwitter /2
No synthetic organic chemist of any skill level can convert glucose to ribose-5-phosphate with the efficiency of the humblest bacterium #enzymes #coenzymes #metabolism #NAD
Did you know that NAD, NMN and NR were described in the 1940s as factor V, an essential growth factor to grow Haemophilus influenza? H influenza is a flu-causing bacterium that only a few microbiologists ever wanted to grow. NR worked better than NMN and NAD because /1
Phosphorylated compounds can't get into cells. H influenza needs NR because it doesn't have the genes to make NAD from amino acids, nicotinamide or nicotinic acid. There was no market for NR because who wants to grow H influenza? /2
In 2004, I was working on glutamine-dependent NAD synthetase in yeast. This enzyme performs the final step in making NAD from tryptophan, nicotinamide and nicotinic acid (all the then-known NAD precursors in eukaryotic cells). /3
Redox is a portmanteau term for oxidation-reduction reactions in which one molecule transfers electrons to another one. The mnemonic OIL RIG (oxidation is loss, reduction is gain) reminds us which way the electrons flow /1
NAD+ and NADP+ are awesome electron acceptors. They both accept pairs of electrons associated with a proton (hydride) in protein, fat and carb breakdown /2
This produces reduced coenzymes (NADH and NADPH) that can contribute to production of glucose, ketones, ATP, lipids, steroid hormones, DNA, etc & can detoxify reactive oxygen species /3
