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Patients with T2DM, CVD, conditions of hyperinsulinaemia, have lower: bone remodelling and osteocalcin levels, and increased rates of fragility fractures.
T2DM “hyperinsulinaemia-osteofragilitas” bone phenotype presents with normal to increased BMD mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/9/…
T2DM “hyperinsulinaemia-osteofragilitas” bone phenotype presents with normal to increased BMD mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/9/…
Hyperinsulinaemia and IR positively associate with increased BMD and fragility fractures
Hyperinsulinaemia enforces glucose fuelling, decreasing NAD+-dependent antioxidant activity:
➡️⬆️ ROS & mt fission,
➡️⬇️ OxPhos ATP production capacity, needed for osteoblasto/cytogenesis.
Hyperinsulinaemia enforces glucose fuelling, decreasing NAD+-dependent antioxidant activity:
➡️⬆️ ROS & mt fission,
➡️⬇️ OxPhos ATP production capacity, needed for osteoblasto/cytogenesis.
Osteocytes directly mineralise and resorb bone, & inhibit mineralisation of their lacunocanalicular space via pyrophosphate.
Hyperinsulinaemia decreases vitamin D availability via adipocyte sequestration, reducing dendrite connectivity, and compromising osteocyte viability.
Hyperinsulinaemia decreases vitamin D availability via adipocyte sequestration, reducing dendrite connectivity, and compromising osteocyte viability.
