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A #thread about some #myths of #languages and #scripts (of #India): 🧵(I wrote in Kannada earlier)
Every language including #Sanskrit comes in spoken form first & later in written form. Most languages are dated by the earliest time when a written record for them is found. 1/17
Every language including #Sanskrit comes in spoken form first & later in written form. Most languages are dated by the earliest time when a written record for them is found. 1/17
#Samskrta can be considered an exception, where we have record of the spoken word before we see its written form. This is because the #Vedas were preserved in a speech form for millennia before being written down. In case of other languages, this is not so. 2/17
For ex: First written record of #Kannada date to 2-3rd C CE. But this does not prove Kannada did'nt exist prior to 2nd CE. It is better to inferwriting was introduced/adapted to Kannada then. In fact we see how the script used to write Prakrit in as adapted to write Kannada 3/17
#ಭಾಷೆ , #ಲಿಪಿ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ ಗಳಬಗ್ಗೆ ಒಂದು ಸರಳಿಃ🧵
#ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ವೊಂದೇ ಏಕೆ, ಯಾವ ಭಾಷೆಗೂ ಮೊದಲು ಲಿಪಿಯಿರಲಿಲ್ಲ(ಇರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ)-ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಮಾತು ಮೊದಲು ಬರೆಹ ನಂತರ. #ಕನ್ನಡ ದ ಮೊದಲ ದಾಖಲೆ ಸಿಕ್ಕಿರುವುದು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯಶಕ 2-3 ನೇ ಶತಮಾನದಲ್ಲಿ. ಅದಕ್ಕೆ ಮೊದಲು ಕನ್ನಡ ಇರಲೇ ಇಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಯೋಣವೇ? ಹಾಗೆ ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸುವುದು ತಪ್ಪಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. 1/n
#ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ವೊಂದೇ ಏಕೆ, ಯಾವ ಭಾಷೆಗೂ ಮೊದಲು ಲಿಪಿಯಿರಲಿಲ್ಲ(ಇರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ)-ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಮಾತು ಮೊದಲು ಬರೆಹ ನಂತರ. #ಕನ್ನಡ ದ ಮೊದಲ ದಾಖಲೆ ಸಿಕ್ಕಿರುವುದು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯಶಕ 2-3 ನೇ ಶತಮಾನದಲ್ಲಿ. ಅದಕ್ಕೆ ಮೊದಲು ಕನ್ನಡ ಇರಲೇ ಇಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಯೋಣವೇ? ಹಾಗೆ ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸುವುದು ತಪ್ಪಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. 1/n
3 ನೇ ಶತಮಾನದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರವಣಿಗೆಗೆ ಕನ್ನಡವನ್ನು ಒಳಪಡಿಸಿದರು ಎನ್ನುವುದು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಸರಿಯಾಗಬಹುದಾದ ಊಹೆ.
ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಕ್ಕೂ ಹಾಗೇ. ಲಿಪಿಯಿಲ್ಲದ ಕಾಲ ಒಂದಿತ್ತು. ಒಂದು ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರೆಹದ ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನರಿತ ಮೇಲೆ ಬರೆವಣಿಗೆ ಬಂದಿತು. ಅದರ ನಂತರವೂ ಮೌಖಿಕ ಪರಂಪರೆಯೂ ಜೊತೆಗೇ ಮುಂದುವರೆಯಿತು. ಮುದ್ರಣ ಬರುವವರೆಗೆ ಇದಕ್ಕಿದ್ದ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಯ ಅರಿತಿದ್ದೇವೆ. 2/n
ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಕ್ಕೂ ಹಾಗೇ. ಲಿಪಿಯಿಲ್ಲದ ಕಾಲ ಒಂದಿತ್ತು. ಒಂದು ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರೆಹದ ಶಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನರಿತ ಮೇಲೆ ಬರೆವಣಿಗೆ ಬಂದಿತು. ಅದರ ನಂತರವೂ ಮೌಖಿಕ ಪರಂಪರೆಯೂ ಜೊತೆಗೇ ಮುಂದುವರೆಯಿತು. ಮುದ್ರಣ ಬರುವವರೆಗೆ ಇದಕ್ಕಿದ್ದ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಯ ಅರಿತಿದ್ದೇವೆ. 2/n
ಪಾಣಿನಿಯ ಕಾಲಕ್ಕಾಗಲೆ ಲಿಪಿ ಇತ್ತು ಎಂಬುದು ನಿರ್ವಿವಾದ. ಆಸಕ್ತರು ವಾಸುದೇವ ಶರಣ ಅಗ್ರವಾಲ ಅವರ India as known to #Panini ಪುಸ್ತಕವನ್ನು ಓದಬಹುದು. ವ್ಯಾಸ ವಾಲ್ಮೀಕಿಯರು ಬರಹವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾಪ ಮಾಡಿಲ್ಲ -ಅವರು ಪಾಣಿನಿಗೂ ಹಿಂದಿನವರಾದ್ದರಿಂದ ಅವರ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರವಣಿಗೆ ರೂಢಿಗೆ ಬಂದಿಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದಿರಬಹುದೆಂಬ ಊಹೆಯನ್ನು ನಾವು ಮಾಡಬಹುದು. 3/n
#Indian student at #Cambridge decodes Panini’s Language Machine
>>A grammatical problem by #Panini that has defeated Sanskrit scholars since the 5th Century BC has finally been solved by an Indian Ph.D. student at the University of Cambridge.
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>>A grammatical problem by #Panini that has defeated Sanskrit scholars since the 5th Century BC has finally been solved by an Indian Ph.D. student at the University of Cambridge.
1/n
Who was Panini?
>>Panini was a #Sanskrit philologist, grammarian, and revered scholar in ancient India, variously dated between the 6th and 4th century BCE.
2/n
>>Panini was a #Sanskrit philologist, grammarian, and revered scholar in ancient India, variously dated between the 6th and 4th century BCE.
2/n
>>Since the discovery and publication of his work by European scholars in the nineteenth century, Panini has been considered the “first descriptive linguist” and even labelled as “the father of linguistics”.
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3/n
Some of my students have been asking about this, so…
Here’s everything you need to know about the anusvāra (अनुस्वार)! What it is, when it appears, when it doesn’t, and how to pronounce it.🧵 1/
Here’s everything you need to know about the anusvāra (अनुस्वार)! What it is, when it appears, when it doesn’t, and how to pronounce it.🧵 1/
The anusvāra is known as the “pure nasal”, in that it is a nasal sound that is not tied down to any of the places in the mouth where sounds are typically made. It is tied down to the nose alone. It is written as a dot on top in Devanāgarī, or as ṁ or ṃ in IAST (I prefer ṁ). 2/
The first rule for its appearance is: when you have a “m” (म्) at the end of a word followed by any consonant, then the “m” becomes an anusvāra.
For example:
kim karoti => kiṁ karoti
(किम् करोति => किं करोति)
śivam bhajate => śivaṁ bhajate
(शिवम् भजते => शिवं भजते)
3/
For example:
kim karoti => kiṁ karoti
(किम् करोति => किं करोति)
śivam bhajate => śivaṁ bhajate
(शिवम् भजते => शिवं भजते)
3/
If you're just getting into the study of #Sanskrit grammar, one of the first things you need to learn is the Māheśvara Sūtras, aka the Śiva Sūtras. In this thread I'll teach you everything you need to know about them to get started.
#Pāṇini
1/
#Pāṇini
1/
Let's start by recalling that thread about the story of Pāṇini. He received these sūtras as a gift from Śiva, who was dancing out of happiness at Pāṇini's austerities. On the surface, they are simply a special rearrangement of the alphabet. 2/
The sūtras themselves are:
1. अइउण्
2. ऋऌक्
3. एओङ्
4. ऐऔच्
5. हयवरट्
6. लण्
7. ञमङणनम्
8. झभञ्
9. घढधष्
10. जबगडदश्
11. खफछठथचटतव्
12. कपय्
13. शषसर्
14. हल्
Learn to pronounce them with this video by Vikram Bhaskaran:
But why this rearrangement? 3/
1. अइउण्
2. ऋऌक्
3. एओङ्
4. ऐऔच्
5. हयवरट्
6. लण्
7. ञमङणनम्
8. झभञ्
9. घढधष्
10. जबगडदश्
11. खफछठथचटतव्
12. कपय्
13. शषसर्
14. हल्
Learn to pronounce them with this video by Vikram Bhaskaran:
But why this rearrangement? 3/
THE STORY OF #PĀṆINI
#SanskritStoryTime
Once upon a time around 500 BCE, in a town called Takshashila, there lived a boy named Pāṇini, and he was an utter fool. Everyone made fun of him for being a fool, and his parents and teachers thought he would amount to nothing.
#SanskritStoryTime
Once upon a time around 500 BCE, in a town called Takshashila, there lived a boy named Pāṇini, and he was an utter fool. Everyone made fun of him for being a fool, and his parents and teachers thought he would amount to nothing.
One day, he somehow got admitted to Takshashila University, where people came from far and wide to study. Perhaps his father knew someone there, or perhaps they took pity on him. He was a #Sanskrit #Grammar major. Grammar was the respectable subject to study at the time.
Perhaps he wanted to study #Yoga or something, but his father, like other South Asian dads, wanted his son to study the best thing for his future. It was something like SA dads wanting their kids to study #medicine or #engineering today.
Eskiden çocuklar futbol şampiyonaları öncesi #Panini kartları biriktirirlerdi (internet çağında önemi azaldı).
FED'i ve likiditesini çözümlemeye çalışan herkesin, Zoltan Pozsar 'ın raporlarını takibi de buna dönüştü. Macar prensin her dediğinin çıkması nedeniyle takım: 😃
FED'i ve likiditesini çözümlemeye çalışan herkesin, Zoltan Pozsar 'ın raporlarını takibi de buna dönüştü. Macar prensin her dediğinin çıkması nedeniyle takım: 😃
Kamunun verdiği muhbirlik görev bilinciyle, bugüne kadar yazdığı 28 adet Global Money Notes eserini sunarım. Hem de, çok zor ulaştığımız uzun süredir kayıp 14 ve 19 nolu mensurlarıyla beraber! 😉
☢️ Finansçı olmayana zorluk derecesi: World Class/ Torment
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☢️ Finansçı olmayana zorluk derecesi: World Class/ Torment
filebin.net/bctgrpqu3fx3q2…
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Şuradan buyrun:
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Şuradan buyrun:
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