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Time traveling to 1948 to discuss Edward C. Tolman's "Cognitive Maps in Rats and Men" for my last and final thread for @kwassum's course on instrumental conditioning. JMO, Tolman was ahead of his time, thumbed his nose at McCarthyism, and was a Learning Theorist bad@ss. #scicomm
In his studies of learning in rats, Tolman sought to demonstrate that the mechanisms by which rats (and humans) learn to maneuver through the world involve robust, flexible, autonomous and selective mechanisms that form a cognitive-like map in the brain.
Tolman's ideology was quite different than the rival theory of the day that favored a stimulus-response (S-R) reinforcement-driven view where learning was an automatic response triggered by environmental stimuli. (Tolman pictured all by his onesies on the right 👇). 
