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A thread on
#TheFirstLinguisticStateofIndia
#UtkalaDibasa
MAHARAJA KRUSHNA CHANDRA GAJAPATI PROPOSED FORMATION OF A SEPARATE ODISHA PROVINCE DURING 1914

In the year 1912 the Bihar-Odisha province was formed by the

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British Govt. In 1914 AD the annual session of Utkal Sammilani was held at Paralakhemundi under the Presidentship of Bikram Deba burma, the king of Jayapur. For the first time Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati the King of Paralakhemundi opined in this annual session of
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Utkal Sammilnai regarding the formation of a separate Odisha province instead of unification of Odia speaking tracts. In the year 1903 "Ganjam Jatiya Samiti" was formed at Rambha and its first session was inaugurated at Berhampur where resolutions were passed
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regarding the all round development of Odisha. This session was attended by Utkal Gourav Madhusudan Das and Vyasa Kabi Fakirmohan Senapati. The success of "Ganjam Jatiya Samiti" meeting inspired Madhu Babu. As a result of which an organisation namely "Utkala Sammilani"
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was formed to solve different problems of Odias. The first session of "Utkal Sammilani" was held at Idga Padia Cuttack on 30th December 1903. Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo, the king of Mayurbhanj presided over the meeting .This session of Utkal Sammilani
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was attended by Gadjat Kings,Govt employees,lawyers & students where Odia nationalism took form.Later on the leaders of Utkal Sammilani had drawn the attention of British Government regarding various problems through seminars, symposiums,youth sessions and general meetings.
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Instead of pointing out the defects of British rule Madhubabu was determined to fulfill the hopes of Odias by keeping good rapport with the Englishmen. Social reformation, women emancipation , eradication of untouchability, development of farmers and agriculture,
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unification of odia speaking tracts and above all creation of Odia nationalism was the goal and motto of Utkal Sammilani. In the year 1919, Maharaja of Parala met Montegue Chemsford Committee to put forth the demand of giving facility of voting rights to Odia residents in
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Madras province. As a result the Odia residents of Madras were capable enough in electing ten Odia members to represent in Madras assembly. But the Government of Madras vehemently opposed the demand to bring Odias under one province. In the year 1922, Utkal Gauraba
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Madhusudan Das, while he was a minister of Bihar-Odisha, a resolution was approved in Bihar - Odisha provincial council in favour of bringing Odia language dominating area under one province. In 1924, Phillip-Duff committee was formed in which the British commissioner and
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political agent Mr CL Phillips and Collector Mr A C Duff were members. While the committee was touring Ganjam, the inhabitants of that locality strongly demanded for merger of Ganjam Jaypur and Visakhapatna with odisha division through a memorandum. Starting the
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investigation since the month of October 1924, the Phillip-Duff committee completed the preparation of its final report regarding the unification of Odia speaking tracts in the month of December 1924. This committee had opined in favour of merger of Odia speaking tracts
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with Odisha division which were under the Madras Presidency. In 1927, presenting the resolution in Central Council Pandit Nilakantha Das said that "For formation of a separate odisha province, the united efforts of Odias was badly necessary."
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In 1928, Sir John Simon came to India as the Chief of seven members Parliamentary commission for investigating the constitutional reformation system. Indian National Congress called on the people of India to boycott the Simon Commission as there was not a single Indian
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member included in that commission. Responding to the call the Congress workers staged protest meetings, demonstrations and processions showing black flags and placards containing slogan "Simon Go Back" in every nook and corner of India. But without caring the call
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of Indian Niti Utkal Gourab Madhusudan Das greeted and paid large ovation to Simon Commission at Patna railway station on behalf of Utkal Sammilani and handed over a memorandum to the commission regarding formation of a separate Odisha province. Simon commission
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formed a sub-committee appointing C R Atley as its hal Congress Chairman to look into the matter. The sub-committee recommended in favour of formation of a separate odisha province. Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati went to London in 1930 with a view to attend the Round
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table conference. He was able to influence the British authority through a leaflet titled "The Odias-Their needs and reasons for a separate Odisha province ". The British appointed a Boundary committee which recommended in favour of formation of separate Odisha province
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in the month of April 1932. As Sir Samuel Hoare through a white paper published on 18th March 1933 had excluded the Odia speaking tracts of Paralakhemundi, Jaypur and Jalantar from the proposed Odisha province, a special session of Utkal Sammilani was called for in the
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month of May 1933 to discuss regarding the high - handedness of Britishers and it was unanimously resolved in that session to stage peoples movement and protest meetings against the decision of British Govt.
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On 11th February 1934 it was resolved in the annual conference of Utkal Sammilani held at Berhampur that "if Jaypur and Paralakhemundi were not included with the proposed Odisha province, the Odias would not accept that Odisha province. Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati
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again proceeded to London leading a group of Odia representatives in which the Rajasaheb of Khalikote, Lingaraj Panigrahi, Bhubananda Das and Shyam Sundar Das were included . Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati gave a memorandum to the secretary of state of the joint
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select committee for merger of Paralakhemundi in the proposed Odisha province . At last a report was published on behalf of the joint select committee which was accepted by the British Parliament. As a result the formation of separate odisha province took the real shape.
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On January 21, 1936 the orders of Government of India regarding formation of Odisha province was presented before the emperor of Britain for its final approval on 7th March 1936. After the approval of the emperor this order was executed on 1st April 1936 and the separate
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Odisha province was formed. The newly formed Odisha consisted of six districts namely Cuttack, Puri, Balasore, Sambalpur, Koraput and Ganjam. Sir John Austin Hubbak took oath of office and became the first Governor of Odisha province.
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