Morning!!! EUR moved downward on stimulus expectations! Dollar π΅ king π€΄! The APAC region is watching:
China stealth move to lower rates (people watching OMO too not just lending), Korea super data tom (1st 20-day trade) Fed, Indonesia monetary (fiscal budget was out last wk)
So today China CNY fix key but more key is LPR & also whether other rates will get pushed downward too. All have implications for China itself, the rest of the Asia region, & of course the world.
Q: What happens to FX when rates move lower? π§π§π§
Busy morning! RBA minutes at 930 after China data. AUD has been trending back to the level of the day where RBNZ slashed rates by 50bps. Not a coincidence. Taiwan export orders out today & expectations are WORSE of -5.9% for July. But we all know that Korea is really the key data
Let's look at foreign ownership of UST in June: it is totally up (+97.2bn). Note that some of this is due to valuation impact but still!
Japan π―π΅overtook China π¨π³ as the largest holder of UST! Everyone is buying thanks to NIRP. Btw, if u add it up, Europe 28 ownership BIGGEST!!
Repeat after me: NIRP loves PIRP! The US is totally PIRP (even if the Fed cuts rates by another 50bps by end 2019, still pretty PIRP compared to these NIRPers). Hence, King USD ππ»ββοΈππ»ββοΈππ»ββοΈ.
As China reduces purchases, the EU is buying more! So is Japan! So is the rest of the world!
NIRP ππ PIRP . Yep, true story - the data shows!!! Opposites attract! Totally complementary. Totally natural & u know what that means?
The PIRPers of EM Asia should be doing okay. We're talking about current account deficit guys like India, Indonesia, the Philippines, etcππ»ππ»
China 1yr LPR is 4.25%, which is 6bps lower π (was 4.31% before) & so moving lower slowly here. Treading very gently here. Note that this is a rate set by 18banks w/ a spread over 3.3%1yr MLF.
RBA is saying that, "reasonable to expect extended period of low interest rates."
β’ β’ β’
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Who likes higher fuel prices in Asia??? Well, no one except Indonesia and Malaysia and by that I mean exporters.
The biggest deficit as a share of GDP goes to Thailand but mostly in LNG. Second is South Korea.
Obvs this is as a share of GDP. Higher fuel costs = higher import costs = someone has to pay for it & eg higher inflation or higher fiscal costs.
Who likes higher food prices? Well, a few - Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and India. Obvs this is EXPORTERS only who gain. EM has high food as a share of consumption basket. But net food exporters have levers to pull. They can BAN exporting of food.
Who is most vulnerable? The Philippines. South Korea imports a lot too.
Putting food and fuel together as a share of GDP: Who is most exposed?
Well, South Korea and the Philippines. KRW doesn't like this news.
PHP doesn't like it. One caveat is that SK is much richer so can afford it more than say PH where this will hurt more.
Did you know that South Korea exports more to the US now than it does to China?
Actually, it isn't alone. A lot of Asian countries, due to supply chain reshuffling and also geopolitics and industrial policies, are exporting now more to US than China.
Why is South Korea doing more trade with a country far away than a country next door?
First, growth of exports to the US is faster than exports to China. In fact, China hasn't been importing much more and it is Korea that has been importing more from China for goods such as intermediate goods etc.
This has raised a big concern in Korea that China is a competitor & it's hard for SK to compete with its industrial policy and subsidies.
And so South Korea has 1 lever it can pull that is better than China - GEOPOLITICS. South Korea is an ally to the US. And as a country w/ a US FTA, it is being favored.
Whether it's the Chips Act or the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), the whole point is to exclude China.
Indonesia elects a new president in a week. The leading candidate is riding high on Jokonomics, or the continuation of his policy & popularity, as Jokowi's eldest son is VP.
Prabowo promises 8% average GDP growth or Jokonomics. How realistic & what is Jokonomics anyway?
While people believe that Prabowo is the best bet of doing more of what popular Jokowi has done for Indonesia in the past decade & he promises the highest growth, Jokowi 10-year only produced 4.2% GDP growth on average. Stripping out 2020 (Covid), it's 4.9%. No where near 8% π
Indonesia elects a new president next week to replace Jokowi. The leading candidate - Prabowo - is riding the president's coat tail as many hope that he is the best hope for continuation. But what is Jokonomics exactly? From 2014 to 2023, Indonesia grew on average 4.2% per yrπ.
If we strip out 2020, which economy contracted, then under Jokowi, the economy grew 4.9% on average (4.2% if we don't strip it out).
So that's sub 5%. In fact, GDP barely deviates from 5% level. So why do people think that Prabowo is the key to escape the middle income trap?
Pres Jokowi's biggest accomplishments come from the fiscal side. Indonesia got investment grade in 2017. By weaning Indonesia slowly off expensive energy subsides, the expenditure side was contained. And with the commodity boom, Indonesia fiscal positions were leaner than most.
As we bid adieu to 2023, which was an abysmal economic year for EM Asia (India an exception), hope springs eternal as we look to 2024 with key drags dissipating.
The great expectations of China lifting the region via imports and tourism disappointed as demand faded, weighed down by property market woes & weak investment.
From Korea to Vietnam, exports to China crashed, dragging down overall shipment, hurting big traders the most.
The goods deflation felt globally, especially in ICT, hit big traders hard. Commodity exporters such as Indonesia too didn't like the downward price trend.
Despite stronger US growth, China downward import growth dragged Asian exports.