Jason Furman Profile picture
Sep 18, 2019 8 tweets 4 min read Read on X
I assessed what the macro data tells us about the Tax Cut & Jobs Act for @AEIdeas. My bottom line: "not much". Since passage GDP growth has slowed slightly as slowing consumption & investment growth only partly offset by faster govt spending. #TCJANowWhat aei.org/publication/no… Image
The second sense in which the data tell us "not much" is that is the difficulty of extracting the signal (the effect of the tax cut) from the noise (the effect of the Fed, global economy, trade war, oil prices, fiscal stimulus, etc. etc. etc.)
A lot of sector-specific stories are important. This table tells some of them: (i) oil-related investment growth slowed dramatically as oil prices stopped their rapid rise; (2) software and R&D growth increased for reasons unrelated to the TCJA; and (3) everything else slowed. Image
At least three macro stories are also important but go in different directions: fiscal stimulus boosted the economy while the trade wars and interest rate increases went in the opposite direction.
Sorting all of this out the main conclusion is that the second sense of "not much" (hard to extract the signal from the noise) reinforces the first sense of "not much" (if the tax cut was so important relative to everything else we would see the signal much more clearly).
The best hope for a better understanding of the causal impact of the TCJA will be microeconomic research that looks at how similar firms are affected differently by the law and tracking their differential responses.
Ultimately, however, the most important issue is what to do going forward. I believe we can have a more efficient business tax system while raising more revenue than the current system. I couldn't explain it in 280 characters so you'll have to read the image. Image
I really appreciate @aparnamath and @erinmelly2 inviting me to write this--and recommend you stay tuned for the all star cast they have doing upcoming blogs on the TCJA drawing on a diverse set of expertise and perspectives. aei.org/tag/trumps-tax…

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More from @jasonfurman

Dec 23, 2025
Depending on how you look at it growth in Q3 was very very strong or very strong or just possibly merely strong. Annual rates:

GDP: 4.3%
Real final sales to domestic purchasers: 2.9%
Average of GDP & GDI: 3.4%
GDI: 2.4% Image
A big part of the story was consumer spending up at a 3.5% annual rate. Started the year looking weak but new data and revisions have made consumers very strong. Image
Business fixed investment a bit weaker but also very heterogenous. Equipment investment and IPP up but non-residential structures down for the seventh straight quarter. Image
Read 8 tweets
Dec 5, 2025
Core PCE inflation. Annual rates:

1 month: 2.4%
3 months: 2.7%
6 months: 2.7%
12 months 2.8% Image
Full set of numbers. Image
What leaps out is how low housing inflation was in September, something we already saw in the CPI. I wouldn't expect that to last. Image
Read 8 tweets
Nov 17, 2025
Several thoughts on that piece by @nealemahoney & @BharatRamamurti in @nytopinion. Image
1. They claim price controls are good politically. I'm very open to this being true, I'm under no illusion that what I think is good policy is particularly well correlated with good politics. But I am genuinely interested in more evidence beyond the brief observations they make. Image
2. They claim that even if you think price controls are a bad idea they can help you pass supply-increasing legislation that is on balance good. Once again, I'm open to this. And in government I've often done 3rd, 7th or 12th best policies because of constraints. Image
Read 13 tweets
Oct 26, 2025
The Federal minimum wage was established in 1938.

It was in effect for about 85 years.

It has now, for better or worse, been effectively abolished. Image
The last three legislated increases in the minimum wage were bipartisan:

1989: President Bush (41) and a Democratic Congress
1996: President Clinton and a Republican Congress
2007: President Bush (43) and a Democratic Congress
Prices are up about 50% since it was increased to $7.25/hr in 2009.

As a result the inflation-adjusted minimum wage is about the lowest it has ever been. The productivity-adjusted min wage is the lowest it has ever been.

Only 1% of workers nationwide are paid at or below that.
Read 9 tweets
Oct 24, 2025
The government made the reasonable decision to release CPI data because needed to calculate Social Security COLAs.

Quick summary, core CPI annual rate:
1 month: 2.8%
3 months: 3.6%
6 months: 3.0%
12 months: 3.0% Image
Here are the full set of numbers. Image
The most helpful visualization of the persistent and, to some degree, resurgence of core inflation is this. Four straight months of strong core goods inflation largely due to tariffs. Plus services inflation remains reasonably strong. Image
Read 6 tweets
Sep 25, 2025
A big upward revision for GDP, was a 3.8% annual rate (up from 3.0% in the advance estimate). For H1 GDP up at a 1.6% annual rate.

The biggest change was consumption which was 2.5% annual rate (up from 1.4% in the advance). Business fixed investment strong, residential weak. Image
Here is quarterly consumer spending. It looked like it was really slowing but with this upward revision and the July and August indications it's looking much more healthy. Image
Business fixed investment has been strong. It is unclear how much of this is pulling forward of capital equipment imports to get ahead of tariffs and how much is sustainable. (Note disaggregating structures have been falling while equipment is rising, reducing a disconnect.)
Read 5 tweets

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