The fish-glue, leather and other substances that made up Arabic and Ottoman manuscripts appealed to insect appetites.
Sometimes these books appealed to kabikaj, the name of a jinn, leader of moths, patron angel of reptiles or real toxic plant for protection from damage.
Sometimes disobedient worms responded in their own magic language.
Talismanic triangle in a work of Arabic grammar from Aceh, Indonesia (19th c.)