Ben Derman Profile picture
May 20, 2020 12 tweets 10 min read Read on X
So many great abstracts to peruse for #ASCO20. Some themes: weekly regimens, anti-BCMA therapies, MRD, & high-risk disease. By abstract #, here are 10(ish) #ASCO20 abstracts that stood out to me for their clinical relevance and intrigue. Long thread incoming! #mmsm #ASCO20BD /1
Plenary LBA3: KRd vs. VRd. No data yet until May 28, but this will be relevant no matter what the outcome is! Note that most high-risk patients were not included in this study. Don't think we'll have a final answer on this debate though! meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186906/… #mmsm #ASCO20BD /2
#100: Phase I trial of Teclistamab, a bispecific BCMA x CD3 T-cell engager, showed reasonable rates of CRS (56%, all <grade 3). ORR was 38% at doses >38.4 ug/kg. 7/9 (78%) responded at highest dose (2 were CR + MRD-neg at 10^-6). #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186864/… /3
#8501: Weekly Selinexor/Vd has superior PFS to Vd (~14 vs 9.5 months, HR 0.7) in R/R MM. #8530 shows weekly SKd w/ORR 72%. These weekly S regimens are a bit more tolerable than prior twice weekly S combos. #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186143/…
meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186179/… /4
#8506: Chaos from the STaMINA trial! Findings from EMN02 and STaMINA have now flip-flopped! EMN02 shows no diff & STaMINA shows PFS benefit for tandem ASCT in high-risk. BUT this was in the as-treated analysis, not intention to treat. #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186147/… /5
#8507: VRd +/- Elotuzumab for high-risk myeloma. 103 pts. 7% had PCL. No diff. in median PFS (31 months for Elo/VRd vs. 34 months VRd) or OS (HR 1.28). Is this a reflection of Elo or a prediction for all quadruplets in high-risk disease? #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186157/… /6
#8512: Mass Spec in blood vs Next gen flow in marrow on GEM-CESAR trial. Mass Spec identified disease in ~95% of patients who were positive by NGF-MRD. Mass Spec and NGF are complementary for disease detection! #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186156/… /7
#8514: 73% of MM pts relapsed after converting from MRD-neg to pos. Loss of MRD-neg preceded relapse by 1 yr. Attaining MRD-neg w/in 6 mos. of diagnosis led to HIGHER relapse rate! What does this mean for MRD as an endpoint 4 induction? #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186150/… /8
#8526: Cross-study comparison of CANDOR & MMY1001. Once weekly carfilzomib 70 mg/m2 is similar in efficacy and toxicity to twice weekly carfilzomib 56 mg/m2. Good news in the age of COVID where once weekly infusions has many advantages. #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186186/… /9
#8540: Meta-analysis of randomized phase 3 trials evaluating efficacy of Dara in high-risk MM. Shows that Dara led to improved PFS with little heterogeneity. We need a randomized study using dara in high-risk patients! #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/187638/… /10
#8543: Obesity in multiple myeloma was PROTECTIVE in an analysis of nearly 6K patients on clinical trials. OS HR 0.84 (95% CI 0.75-0.95). This brings up some interesting theories as to why – reserve against sarcopenia/cachexia? #mmsm #ASCO20BD meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186173/… /11
BONUS: #8513 (disclosure-I am author on study). Mass spec in blood vs NGS in marrow for MRD eval in MM. LC-MS in blood may reach or exceed sensitivity of NGS (10^-5 - 10^-6), and is an excellent prognosticator. More on this next week! meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/186146/… #mmsm #ASCO20BD /12

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More from @bdermanmd

Jun 21
Latest in mass spectrometry: The Spanish group reported on serial MS post-CAR T.
Main findings:
1) Early BM MRD assessment by NGF may have false negatives due to hemodilution, potentially explaining why NGF negative rates decreased with time.
#mmMRD onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.111…
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2) Most patients are peripheral blood MS (+) early post-CAR T because of M-protein kinetics + immunoglobulin recycling
3) Concordance between MS and NGF increase with time Image
4) MS status at 3 months post-CAR T was not (significantly) prognostic with small # of patients analyzed. This makes sense intuitively given M-protein kinetics.
It really depends on how many IgG-secreting myelomas are in data set (n=14 here), given that these are most persistent Image
Read 5 tweets
Jun 15
To dara or not to as maintenance?
The Cassiopeia trial update is out!
Among Dara-treated patients in induction, Dara maintenance offered some benefit over placebo with 6 years f/u. HR (0.76) is similar to ixazomib vs maintenance (0.72).
But…

doi.org/10.1016/S1470-…
Image
There’s also great MRD data.
After induction/ASCT/consol, MRD<10^-5 was 34%.
Dara maintenance increased this rate to 65% vs 58% with placebo! Not a big difference suggesting a lag from effect of ASCT.
But sustained MRD<10^-6 more favorable w Dara maintenance with time. #mmMRD

Image
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I would love to have more granular data on mrd conversion at 10^-6 from post consolidation to year 1 and then year 2.

Let’s compare to PERSEUS. MRD neg rates were higher post consolidation and that seems to have driven the differences later on as well.

Power of Len vs Thal? Image
Read 4 tweets
Jun 1
Quads take center stage at #ASCO24 with a focus on the transplant-deferred group.
📢Out now in @BloodCancerJnl is our phase 2 experience with extended Dara-KRd without ASCT, regardless of eligibility.
75% sCR and/or MRD < 10^-5.
3-year PFS of 85%
🧵
nature.com/articles/s4140…
The schema is simple:
Dara-KRd x 24 cycles (without ASCT) for newly diagnosed myeloma.
K reduced to days 1/2/15/16 with cycle 9.
Primary endpoint: composite of sCR and/or MRD-neg (10^-5) by NGS after C8 Image
Patients could have stem cells collected on study but this was a transplant-deferred approach.
👍88% had SCT collected - median 8.26 x 10^6 CD34+/kg!
We measured MRD with clonoSEQ in the bone marrow and by mass spectrometry (EXENT = MALDI, and liquid chromatography) in blood! Image
Read 10 tweets
May 30
Looking forward to the myeloma #mmsm abstracts at #ASCO24. Here is a list of what I'll be paying closest attention to! 🧵
LBA105 (Trudel): DREAMM-8 comparing Bela-Pd vs VPd. We know it's a (+) study and the phase ½ had 24-mos. PFS of 52% with 50% prior anti-CD38.
How many pts received prior anti-CD38 here?
What was the ocular toxicity with this Bela schedule?
And of course, PFS?
7500 (Facon): Isa-VRd vs VRd (IMROZ) in transplant-deferred MM.
PFS favors Isa-VRd (median NR vs 54 mos).
Why did VRd arm do so well vs historical comp? 🔼 adherence to regimen? 🔼 supportive care (antiresorptive)? Diff pt population?
11% deaths w/quad is a concern in older pop https://meetings.asco.org/abstracts-presentations/231717
Read 12 tweets
Apr 12
Should MRD negativity be accepted as a surrogate endpoint for clinical trials in myeloma?
What should be part of the FDA discussion tomorrow about MRD? #mmsm #mmMRD 🧵
We need to first discuss the role of mrd as a prognostic biomarker. Perhaps the best visualization of this is a meta analysis by @NikhilMunshiMD that showed MRD-neg was a/w improved PFS and OS regardless of dz setting, sens threshold, cytogenetic risk, IMWG response, or timing
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N.B. The deeper the MRD threshold, the better the prognosticative ability of the assay. This was also shown beautifully in the IFM-2009 data where each log fold increase in sensitivity was associated with improvements in PFS. Image
Read 11 tweets
Dec 7, 2023
As we get closer to #ASH23, I wanted to share another cool abstract (#1982) from @UCCancerCenter

We asked: Can early MRD by NGS status from the PERIPHERAL BLOOD be prognostic for #mmsm?

We looked at samples from pts treated w/ Elo-KRd (published ) /1 jamanetwork.com/journals/jamao…
Image
We had paired IMWG response status and bone marrow MRD by NGS status for many of the patients still in response at the end of 4 cycles.

First, an update on outcomes with EloKRd without ASCT. 48% had high-risk cyto.
With a median f/u of 45 months, the 4-year PFS was 73%.
/2 Image
Using the landmark method, when we stratified patients by Complete response or better vs <CR at the end of 4 cycles, we found no difference in PFS.
- Not surprising considering early timepoint and immunoglobulins may still be circulating due to long half-lives.
/3 Image
Read 8 tweets

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