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Honestly, given the infectious field of viral particles in COVID19 is essentially a radiation field, it's all pretty much Time-Distance-Shielding

Time - minimize duration of contacts

Distance - physical distancing

Shielding - masks and barriers
A few differences:

* Radiator is people's noses and mouths not x-ray machine

* Like most x-ray machines, radiation is not uniform in all directions - focus on nose and mouth

* For COVID 19, a thin layer of cloth is very effective shielding. X-rays need heavy lead shielding
* Like x-rays, dont let fear cause panic. We probably can manage risk-benefit in many cases.

* Like radioactive sources, assume they are active at all times - in other words assume everyone is infected for the purposes of when to use time-distance-shielding
As pointed out by @BruckelJeffrey, we adhere to an idea called ALARA for radiation in medicine - as low as *reasonably* achievable.

This doesn't mean accepting no risk, or ignoring all trade offs.

Likewise, this means we have to carefully consider costs, benefits and practicality.
Here is a nice summary from US Nuclear Regulatory Commission on Time-Distance-Shielding. But the article is summarized by the figure bellow.

nrc.gov/about-nrc/radi… Image
Below not bellow! Autocorrect fails me again!
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