1) Lot's of talk about the CBOE Equity Put/Call Ratio reaching an extreme low, but...
2) Yes, indeed, the CBOE Equity Put/Call Ratio reaching an extremely low level. In fact, it's as low as it has ever been going back to 2006.
3) Normally, we consider such a low level to be an example of extreme complacency and GREED DRIVING THE MARKET. For example, the CBOE Equity Put/Call Ratio is the first of seven indicators used in the Fear & Greed Index.
4) When the ratio is trending down and at a low level, it's because equity Call option volume is greater than the equity Put option volume. When there's more trading volume in equity calls, we assume options traders buying speculative calls, so they are bullish. VERY bullish now.
5) When the market is so one-sidedly bullish, it's a contrarian indicator suggesting over-enthusiasm. That is, we assume the calls are mostly speculative positions and puts are defensive, so the demand is on the long side. It's an imperfect assumption, but I generally agree.
6) I pointed out a similar extreme read out early June, when Call Volume spiked up to a historically high level. Indeed, the stock market had a -6% down day afterward. This time is a little different, and the chart shows why. Call volume isn't nearly as high, relatively speaking.
7) Call volume isn't as high as it was in June, but put volume is also lower. So, the ratio is at the same low level at 0.38, but the absolute volume is different. It's still probably an indication of enthusiasm and complacency, but it may not have the delta it had last time.
Do you see what I see? When short-dated U.S. treasuries are elevated, what's the market telling us?
Here's the chart of short-dated U.S. treasuries with the S&P 500 overlay indicating short-term peak rates coincide with a stock market top. twitter.com/i/web/status/1…
Breadth can be useful as a risk measure indicator, and that's usually how I show it. For example, this is the % of financial sector stocks trending above the 50-day average. When most stocks are already in uptrends/downtrends, it becomes more likely the trend will reverse.
2) but you may consider the % in an uptrend may also be used for alpha seeking asymmetric risk-reward. Ie., when only a few stocks in a sector are in uptrends, maybe instead of investing in the index ETF you'd instead invest just in those stocks.
3) one way to think of it is when 50% or more stocks are in uptrends, may as well invest in the index. But when 50% or more of stocks are in downtrends, maybe invest only in those trending stocks in pursuit of alpha. You can probably see how it's all testable and quantifiable.
Fear & Greed Index tracks seven indicators of investor sentiment. It's gradually dialing back up to Greed, but not yet Extreme Greed.
But when we take a look inside, and understand how it works, I see the main holdout is the . At around 22, the VIX still indicates a moderate level of FEAR, but we have to consider #VIX is fading from its highest level, ever, so its absolute level may not be as indicative.
On the other hand, the level of the Put/Call Ratio is among the lowest levels of put buying seen during the last two years, indicating EXTREME GREED on the part of investors.
1) Does hedging market risk with options work on stocks?
We have several ways to direct and control the risk of loss and drawdown. We can:
Sell to reduce exposure in uptrends
Apply trend following to sell after a trend reverses
Hedge dynamically when risk is high
Hedge always
2) The Cboe S&P 500 5% Put Protection Index is designed to track the performance of a hypothetical strategy that holds a long position indexed to the S&P 500® Index and buys a monthly 5% out-of-the-money S&P 500 Index (SPX) put option as a hedge, and rolls on a monthly basis.
3) So, the index is an example of "always hedged", so let's see how it's going since it started in 2015. Over the past 5 years, it had some lag due to the cost of 5% OTM put options for protection. Here, I left out 2020 to show how it looked.
1) A Bollinger Band is an observation of historical REALIZED VOLATILITY above/below a simple moving average of the price trend. It's an adaptive trading band as it adjusts to volatility swings in price. We can see volatility is dynamic, not static, over time. THREAD:
2) Placing a channel of volatility above/below the price trend allows us to see if prices are high/low on a relative basis. By definition, the price is HIGH at the UPPER band and the price is LOW at the LOWER band. The odds are best when the price trends outside the range.
3) Here I used Netflix as an example. Euphoria drove its price WAY above its *normal* range, suggesting the outlier move was likely to retract back to a normal range. That is, the "price was high" and while momentum is good, when it's too good it's prone to fail.
@AndrewMcCurdy2 I like trends and drawing charts, so here is a few before I get in my pool heated with natural gas and solar :) and I'll add you here, too @jdouglaslittle Fossil Production and Renewable.