Lot of people have asked about 'Aryan Invasion Theory' (AIT) and where it stands today.
An effort to bring various pieces together.
Please read on
2/n
AIT was propounded at the time when most of the technologies were not available (e.g. Astronomical S/w, DNA Profiling, Paleontologist studies). AIT states that Aryan were Europeans who came on horses with 'Ayas' and settled during ~2000 BC.
3/n The cause of AIT propagation was to establish racial superiority and colonising India.
When they found Indian culture far rich and advanced, they stole it and termed Indus valley inhabitants as Aryan race who drove Dravidian to south.
4/n Long story of inferiority terming rich culture into inferior.
Treaty of Tordesillas entered between Spain and Portugal sanctioned by Pope Julius II to share the world by two powers was trigger point of comparison in faith and civilisations.
5/n As per Treaty, Columbus (a Spanish Sailor) went westwards and ‘discovered’ America in AD 1492.
Vasco-Da-Gama 1460-1524 (a Portuguese Sailor) sailed eastwards to discover sea route to India Calicut on 20th May 1498
[pic indicative]
6/n 17th Century, Spain and Portugese colonised several territories including parts of India. Germans felt left behind. They started to dig in Sanskrit to match their own Language britannica.com/topic/Aryan
7/n German Indologist Herder 1744-1803, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel (1772-1829) worked to prove that Europeans were great amongst Greeks and Romans and called #sanskrit as mother language of all
@RajivMessage
8/n German William Jones 1746-1794 theorised mapped Indian figures into Biblical framework. He mapped ‘Manu’ as ‘Adam’ ‘Narasimha’ as ‘Nimrod’.
He said “Either the first eleven chapters of genesis are true or the whole fabric of our national religion is false”
@RajivMessage
9/n Britishers took forward this theory of Aryan’s racism superiority to control ‘India’.
1830, Macaulay was appointed convert India to a Christian country. He wanted Indologist Max Muller (1823-1900).
10/n Mueller propounded the theory of Arya as a race of a family of languages and who spoke them – linguistic divide.
as per him, Riv Veda claimed only Brahman, Kshatriya as Aryan and categorized Sudra as non-Aryan. He called “Arya” (or Aryan) a race.
@RajivMessage
11/n Max Muller’s Aryan linguistic category was converted by Risley into caste 1901 Census in India
He carried out “Nasal Index” to classify jatis as Hindus and tribes as non-Hindus.
He decided that Indian consists of 2378 main casts and tribes and 43 races.
12/n
The racial theories landed up in several regional conflicts consequently and subsequently 1. Holocaust & WW-II 2. Rawanda conflict 3. Naval conflict and First Independence War by India in 1857
@RajivMessage
13/n Euro-Indologist chose to ignore River Saraswati which is mentioned in RigVeda 65 times
Vaidic wisdom existed 9KYA BC
Horses and Chariots were present in India way before belief of indologists.
17/n Stone tools found in Attirampakkam, Tamil Nadu dates back 350KYears debunking theory that homo-erectus exting 600Kyear ago and modern man came into being 80kYear before.
@RajVedam1 thewire.in/science/stone-…
18/n
'Narmada Man' Skull discovered in MP, India, provides the first scientifically recorded evidence of human skeletal remains from the Indian subcontinent dating to the late Middle Pleistocene of 300Ky to 150Kyears ago. @RajVedam1 anthropology.iresearchnet.com/narmada-man/
19/n As per @RajVedam1 The excavation in Keezhadi, Tamil Nadu, based on the studies and available data, the carbon dating should be in an interval of 821 BCE to 2974 BCE for the terminus layer.
22/n Discovery of Chariot in Sanauli, UP, India itself is sufficient to debunk false AIT.
What to speak of other Archaeological, Paleontologist, Genetic proofs.
It proves that Indus-Valley-'Saraswati'-Civilisation existed ~2000BCE
23/n Continuity of Civilisation from Harappan excavation 1. Namaste 2. Swastika 3. Yoga 4. Shivalinga
@RajVedam1 @Aabhas24
24/n Study by A R Nair, S V Navada and S M Rao Thar Desert states that cooler and pluvial conditions in the Holocene were present in the region what is called dried Saraswati River.
Thank you @narendramodi Modiji for overhauling your cabinet. It was long due and desired
Requesting you to also repeal entire @ASIGoI good for nothing engaged in graveyards maintenance.
Majority of excavation sites are ruining (the last possible evidence of our glorious past)
8a : Ekastaka - Wrong interpretation by Western Scholar to subdue India's antiquity. This led to take away plane geometry pioneered by Indians by greeks
Horse bones found in Hunsgi Baichbal valley's Acheulian sites, Karnataka pertaining to lower paleolithic period appx (2.580 ± 0.005 Ma and 0.773 ± 0.005 Ma) … #Archaeology
24a
Latest satellite images, ground atudies proves #Saraswati did exist 4000 years ago. Even a Dutch map from 1746 ce shows it flowing parallel to Indus river
#Archaeology researchgate.net/figure/Course-…
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1️⃣ The Archaeological Survey of India won't reveal the true story of Rohtasgarh Fort.
- Ancient Times: Legend has it that Rohtasgarh was established by Rohitashva, the son of the mythical Suryavanshi ruler Harishchandra, which inspired the area's name. However, since there are no definitive ruins from before the 7th century, its early history remains enigmatic.
Imagery AI Created
2️⃣ An ancient inscription traces back to Mahasamanta Shashankadava, believed to be connected to Shashanka, the Gauda monarch. Around the 13th century, the Khayaravala dynasty, which likely had ties to local Kharwar tribes, governed the area. A notable inscription from 1223 CE references Shri Pratapa, who triumphed over a Muslim "Yavana" force. The royal seal features a humped bull as its emblem.
3️⃣ - in 1539, the fort transitioned from Hindu rulers to Sher Shah Suri, who took over Rohtasgarh through cunning, disguising his soldiers as a party seeking asylum for his family and valuables using palanquins. under his command, the fort became a heavily fortified site housing a 10,000-man garrison. within its walls, in 1543, his general Haibat Khan erected the Jami Masjid.
1️⃣ In Goa, Hindu communities embrace an age-old custom of venerating anthills, considering them sacred representations of the Earth Goddess. Locally referred to as Sateri (Santeri), Bhoomika, Ela, among other names, these anthills are honored as symbols of mother earth's divinity. The village name "Bhoma" in Goa is rooted in this reverence, connecting back to Bhoomi (Earth). One notable example is the revered anthill in Virnoda, Goa.
2️⃣ The revered structures are termite mounds, not ant hills, as termites and ants are biologically different species. In Konkani, "ro’in" signifies anthills, which historically connects to the Austric-rooted word "Rono," meaning "full of holes."
3️⃣ For centuries, anthill veneration has been intertwined with Hindu customs surrounding events such as birth, marriage, illness, death, protection against malevolence, the consecration of temples, and ensuring prosperity. In Goa, the village of Virnoda hosts a prominent site of ancient anthill worship, and this practice is also honored at the Sateri temple in Morjim, even as some of these temples have fallen into decline.
1️⃣ # Victorian Code of Modesty: A Thread on Female Status and personal Life vs Men
## The Hidden Reality Behind Victorian "Virtue"
The Victorian era (1837-1901) created one of history's most elaborate systems of female subjugation, disguised as moral protection. While we often picture prudish women fainting at exposed ankles, the reality was a calculated legal, medical, and social framework that stripped women of personhood while claiming to honor their virtue.
This should be bookmarked for future references. RT max
2️⃣ ## The Doctrine of Separate Spheres: Biology as Destiny
Victorian society was built on the "doctrine of separate spheres"- the belief that men and women were naturally designed for completely different roles:
**Men's Domain:**
- Public sphere (politics, business, law, commerce)
- Active, rational, progressive nature
- Financial providers and decision-makers
- Natural sexual beings with legitimate desires
**Women's Domain:**
- Private sphere (home, family, religion)
- Passive, emotional, nurturing nature
- Moral guardians without sexual feelings
- Dependent beings requiring male protection
This wasn't merely social convention - Victorians believed it was **biological destiny**[4]. As one Victorian theorist declared: "The man's power is active, progressive, defensive... but the woman's power is for rule, not for battle"[5].
3️⃣
## The Victorian Code of Modesty: Control Through Clothing
### Physical Restrictions Disguised as Virtue
Victorian women's clothing literally embodied their oppression:
- **Complete body coverage:** High necklines, long sleeves, floor-length skirts
- **Multiple daily changes:** Different outfits for morning visits, afternoon activities, evening events
- **Restrictive undergarments:** Corsets so tight they caused fainting and required male assistance for movement
- **Covered extremities:** Gloves mandatory, exposed ankles scandalous
The cruel irony? Evening wear often featured low necklines and bare arms[8] - modesty was situational, serving male convenience rather than moral consistency.
### Behavioral Control Through Etiquette
Conduct manuals dictated every aspect of a lady's existence[9][10][11]:
- **"Tip her tongue with silence"** - women should be seen, not heard[9]
- **No political or religious opinions** - these were exclusively male domains
- **Avoid "jolly" behavior** - too much personality was unseemly[9]
- **Limited social activities** - theater and public gatherings could "corrupt"[9]
- **Perfect domestic submission** - entire identity centered on serving others
As one etiquette guide instructed: "Rather be silent than talk nonsense"[12], revealing the assumption that women's thoughts were inherently foolish.
AKTC is a philanthropic agency of the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN), founded in 1988 in Geneva, Switzerland, with the aim to revitalize historic cities, conserve monuments, and leverage culture for community development.
2️⃣ Who Founded AKTC?
AKTC was created by His Highness Prince Karim Aga Khan IV, the 49th hereditary Imam of the Nizari Ismaili Muslims, as part of AKDN’s broader mandate to improve welfare in Asia and Africa.
3️⃣ Why was AKTC Formed?
Its mission: To preserve and restore heritage sites, recognize architectural excellence (Aga Khan Award for Architecture), and integrate cultural revitalization into broader efforts of poverty alleviation and urban renewal in developing countries.
1/ 🧵Colonial Science & Caste: A Madras Observatory Story
How did Brahmins become human instruments of empire? A thread on caste, race, and the strange machinery of colonial astronomy in India. 👇
2/ Brahmin as Tools
The Madras Observatory served as more than just a center for astronomical study; it was where colonial science intersected with issues of caste and ethnicity. Brahmins were chosen not solely for their expertise, but for their skills in calculation, documentation, and adherence to orders. They gradually became regarded less as intellectuals and more as automated entities—akin to "human substitutes for self-recording devices."
Despite their crucial contributions, Indian assistants were often reduced to mere 'tools' or machines, with their wisdom and independence minimized in official narratives.
3/ The Observatory's social framework aimed to bolster tax assessments and required individuals who could navigate both Indian and European spheres. Thus emerged the "half-caste" computers. These intermediaries served as vital links between the two communities. Mixed-race aides were initially pivotal in calculations and teaching. However, issues of trust and racial hierarchy eventually led Europeans to dominate certain roles, causing the system to unravel.
Join me in celebrating the 132nd Birth Anniversary of Paramananda Acharya, a trailblazer in Odisha Archaeology.
Discover the legacy of this Padma Shri awardee in putting Odisha in the map of #Archaeology 🎉🔍
1/9
Paramananda is renowned for restoring the Khiching temple in Mayurbhanj, which is crafted from green stone (chlorite slabs). He embarked on extensive jungle journeys by bicycle, often lasting days, to transform the ruins into a revitalized mandir.
2/9
He gave a new history of Odisha based on the scientific study of archaeological evidences found from excavations in the valleys of Baitarani, Brahmani and Mahanadi rivers