The Bureau of Justice Statistics estimates 53 million people had contact with police nationwide in 2015. This report is key to understanding how to reduce encounters with police overall. A thread. bjs.gov/content/pub/pd…
15% of all police contacts (8M/year) were in response to car crashes. The rest of the contacts were evenly split between people who called police and people who were stopped by police. White people had *more* contact with police overall - mainly because they called police more.
Here’s a breakdown of who called/initiated contact with police. White people were more likely to call police to report a possible crime, to report medical emergency/situations that wasn’t a crime, and to seek help for another reason. But who gets stopped by police more...
When we look at who’s being stopped by police, the data shows Black people were more likely to be stopped by police in both traffic and street stops and also more likely to be arrested than white people. But look at the number of traffic stops here compared to other stops...
The data shows that traffic stops are *by far* the most frequent type of police-initiated contact in America, across all demographics. 85% of people recently stopped by police were either drivers or passengers in a traffic stop. This is huge.
The data shows that removing armed police from traffic enforcement could have a huge impact on reducing police contact/policing overall. Berkeley is moving in that direction, other cities should follow. nypost.com/2020/07/16/ber…
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The Mapping Police Violence organization just released a new data platform documenting over 1,000,000 cases of police use of force nationwide across 58% of the U.S. This is the largest public database of its kind, explore the data at . Here’s what the data tells us about police violence in America🧵…policedata.org
To build a database tracking all reported police use of force, we filed thousands of public records requests to police agencies in all 50 states asking for detailed data specifying how many use of force incidents they reported in total from 2017-2022, what types of force they used and the demographics of the people they used force against. We also obtained available state use of force databases. We then worked to standardizing the data according to what types of force were reported, how agencies documented force, etc. Here are the types of force the police agencies we obtained data from reported using in 2022.
What does this data tell us? For every person that police killed, police reported more than 300 non-fatal force incidents, suggesting an estimated 300,000+ people are impacted by police use of physical force each year. 80% or more of these people were reported *by police* to be unarmed. And disparities in overall force were even more extreme than in police killings, with Black people impacted at more than 3x the rate of white people.
Mapping Police Violence documented nearly 1,200 killings by police in 2022, a record year for police violence nationwide. Here’s what the data tells us about rising levels of police violence. (1/x) policeviolencereport.org
1. Killings by police have increased, but these changes haven’t been uniform. GA, NM, OH, TX reported record highs in 2022. CA and MD reported record lows for the decade. Within states, *County Sheriffs Depts* are increasing killings, but most local PDs are not.
2. The increase among sheriffs departments in notable, in part, because these are usually elected positions. Are sheriffs doubling down on aggressive policing to appear “tough on crime” to some voters? Will voters have enough info to hold these sheriffs accountable next election?
PAY ATTENTION TO COUNTY SHERIFF ELECTIONS. This is one of the biggest ways you can help combat police violence and mass incarceration this year. Let me break it down…
Sheriffs control most local jails and have also been responsible for a growing share of the nation’s deadly police violence. 1 in every 3 people killed by law enforcement is killed by a sheriff’s department. *Half of those sheriffs are on the ballot in this election.*
Sheriffs are elected positions, policing communities with little oversight, no mayor to fire them and every incentive to be perceived as “tough on crime” to more rural/conservative constituencies. To hold them accountable, they need to be voted out of office.
Now projects that *have* done a good job tracking these deaths are gone/at risk. Some state databases have been shut down (ex: Colorado’s police shootings database). Non-governmental databases by The Guardian, HuffPo Jail Deaths tracker & Killedbypolice.net no longer exist.
Other projects tracking police killings like Fatal Encounters haven’t been updated in a year. And since deray/Campaign Zero tried to forcibly take over mappingpoliceviolence.org earlier this year they’ve mismanaged it & failed to keep that URL up-to-date or methodologically sound.
The research indicates Biden’s plan to hire another 100,000 police officers WILL increase arrests, incarceration and police violence ESPECIALLY for petty non-violent issues. Research also indicates these harms WILL be concentrated in Black communities. That much is crystal clear.
Study: “low-level arrest rates declined most in places that reduced police expenditure and personnel…findings suggest increasing police budgets or police force size will likely be accompanied by increases in misdemeanor arrests and their attendant harms.” academic.oup.com/bjc/advance-ar…
Here’s a description of that study and it’s findings/implications from one of the co-authors: slate.com/news-and-polit…
Low level arrests have been declining in almost every major city, with New York City cutting these arrests by more than 2/3rds since 2014. This spared hundreds of thousands of people from arrest, criminalization and police violence. Now that progress is being actively reversed.
From 2013-2020, the nation’s largest cities saw overall arrests decline by 46% and low level arrests (which make up 2/3rds of all arrests) were cut by more than half. This has outpaced other parts of the country and accelerated during the pandemic. AND… policescorecard.org/findings
These declines in low level arrests are associated with declines in police shootings and killings in cities. And while cities were changing their approach to low level non-violent issues, arrests/enforcement of violent crime remained relatively unchanged. fivethirtyeight.com/features/polic…