20 Basic Ubuntu Commands Every Beginner Must Know
If you are Ubuntu newbie, then this 🧵 will help you to get familiar with the Terminal emulator.
If you are Ubuntu newbie, then this 🧵 will help you to get familiar with the Terminal emulator.
1. Sudo
sudo (SuperUser DO) Linux command allows you to run programs or other commands with administrative privileges, just like “Run as administrator” in Windows.
sudo (SuperUser DO) Linux command allows you to run programs or other commands with administrative privileges, just like “Run as administrator” in Windows.
2. Apt-Get(only apt >16.04)
apt-get is one of the most important Ubuntu commands every beginner must know.
The list of different apt-get commands:
1. update
2. upgrade
3. install
4. remove
5. purge
6. autoremove
Syntax:
sudo apt-get install <package-name>
apt-get is one of the most important Ubuntu commands every beginner must know.
The list of different apt-get commands:
1. update
2. upgrade
3. install
4. remove
5. purge
6. autoremove
Syntax:
sudo apt-get install <package-name>
3. Ls
ls (list) command lists all files and folders in your current working directory. You can also specify paths to other directories if you want to view their contents.
ls (list) command lists all files and folders in your current working directory. You can also specify paths to other directories if you want to view their contents.
4. Cd
cd (change directory) Linux command is also known as chdir used to change the current working directory.
cd / – Takes you to the root directory.
cd .. – Takes you up one directory level.
cd – – Takes you to the previous directory.
cd (change directory) Linux command is also known as chdir used to change the current working directory.
cd / – Takes you to the root directory.
cd .. – Takes you up one directory level.
cd – – Takes you to the previous directory.
5. Pwd
pwd (print working directory) Ubuntu command displays the full pathname of the current working directory.
pwd (print working directory) Ubuntu command displays the full pathname of the current working directory.
6. Cp
cp (copy) Linux command allows you to copy a file. You should specify both the file you want to be copied and the location you want it copied to
Exp:
cp var/xyz /home/myfiles
cp (copy) Linux command allows you to copy a file. You should specify both the file you want to be copied and the location you want it copied to
Exp:
cp var/xyz /home/myfiles
7. Mv
mv (move) command allows you to move files. You can also rename files by moving them to the directory they are currently in, but under a new name.
Exp:
mv var/xyz /home/myfiles
mv (move) command allows you to move files. You can also rename files by moving them to the directory they are currently in, but under a new name.
Exp:
mv var/xyz /home/myfiles
8. Rm
rm (remove) command removes the specified file.
rmdir (“remove directory”) – Removes an empty directory.
rm -r (“remove recursively”) – Removes a directory along with its content.
rm (remove) command removes the specified file.
rmdir (“remove directory”) – Removes an empty directory.
rm -r (“remove recursively”) – Removes a directory along with its content.
9. Mkdir
mkdir (make directory) command allows you to create a new directory. You can specify where you want the directory created – if you do not do so, it will be created in your current working directory.
mkdir (make directory) command allows you to create a new directory. You can specify where you want the directory created – if you do not do so, it will be created in your current working directory.
10. History
history command displays all of your previous commands up to the history limit.
history command displays all of your previous commands up to the history limit.
11. Df
df (display filesystem) command displays information about the disk space usage of all mounted filesystems.
df (display filesystem) command displays information about the disk space usage of all mounted filesystems.
12. Du
du (directory usage) command displays the size of a directory and all of its subdirectories.
du (directory usage) command displays the size of a directory and all of its subdirectories.
13. Free
free – Displays the amount of free space available on the system.
free – Displays the amount of free space available on the system.
14. Uname -A
uname -a – Provides a wide range of basic information about the system.
uname -a – Provides a wide range of basic information about the system.
15. Top
top – Displays the processes using the most system resources at any given time. “q” can be used to exit.
top – Displays the processes using the most system resources at any given time. “q” can be used to exit.
16. Man
man command displays a “manual page”. it’s recommended that you read the man pages for any command you are unfamiliar with.
man man – Provides information about the manual itself.
man intro – Displays a brief introduction to Linux commands.
man command displays a “manual page”. it’s recommended that you read the man pages for any command you are unfamiliar with.
man man – Provides information about the manual itself.
man intro – Displays a brief introduction to Linux commands.
17. Info
Similar to man, but often provides more detailed or precise information.
Similar to man, but often provides more detailed or precise information.
18. <Command Name> -H Or <Command Name> –Help
This command is a third alternative to get help. While not as detailed as the info or man pages, this will provide a quick overview of the command and its uses.
This command is a third alternative to get help. While not as detailed as the info or man pages, this will provide a quick overview of the command and its uses.
19. Passwd
passwd Ubuntu basic command is used to change user password using Terminal. What you have to do is run the below command, where is the username whose password has to change:
passwd <user>
passwd Ubuntu basic command is used to change user password using Terminal. What you have to do is run the below command, where is the username whose password has to change:
passwd <user>
20. Whatis
whatis command shows a brief description of what is the functionality of specific built-in Linux command.
Some examples are:
whatis cd
whatis man
whatis help
whatis command shows a brief description of what is the functionality of specific built-in Linux command.
Some examples are:
whatis cd
whatis man
whatis help
