Ethan Mollick Profile picture
Sep 3, 2020 4 tweets 2 min read Read on X
Let’s talk the science of demos!

Research has shown demos give "cognitive legitimacy:" making a product plausible & inevitable. This paper on Shark Tank shows the more prepared (coherent, fact-based, narrative) the pitch, the more legitimate it seems & the more $ it raises! 1/4 ImageImage
Good entrepreneurs (as well as scam artists 👇) use demos and prototypes as part of an overall push for legitimacy. They are an important symbol of success for companies 2/4
Demos work in established companies, with caveats. If you are trying to pitch a novel idea to your boss, they will think you more creative & persuasive if you do a simple (crude) demo. If the idea isn’t novel, showing prototypes makes your boss think you are LESS creative. 3/4 ImageImage
We end with a famously effective demos. Watch how Jobs builds legitimacy:
1) Tells a story about why Apple’s win was inevitable
2) Demo'ed & described, the (secretly barely working) product
3) Combined personal style with careful preparation 4/4

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More from @emollick

Jun 5
So, OpenAI Deep Research can connect directly to Dropbox, Sharepoint, etc.

Early experiments only, but it feels like what every "talk to our documents" RAG system has been aiming for, but with o3 smarts and easy use. I haven't done robust testing yet, but very impressive so far.
I think it is going to be a shock to the market, since "talk to our documents" is one of the most popular implementations of AI in large organizations, and this version seems to work quite well and costs very little.
I am sure the other Deep Research products will be able to do the same soon, and, while I am sure there are hallucinations (haven't spotted any yet, though), this seems like an example of how the LLM makers can sometimes move upstream to the application space and take a market.
Read 4 tweets
May 20
Very big impact: The final version of a randomized, controlled World Bank study finds using a GPT-4 tutor with teacher guidance in a six week after school progam in Nigeria had "more than twice the effect of some of the most effective interventions in education" at very low costs Image
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Read 4 tweets
Apr 24
Microsoft keeps launching Copilot tools that seem interesting but which I can't ever seem to locate. Can't find them in my institution's enterprise account, nor my personal account, nor the many Copilot apps or copilots to apps or Agents for copilots

Each has their own UIs. 🤷‍♂️ Image
For a while in 2023, Microsoft, with its GPT-4-powered Bing, was the absolute leader in making LLMs accessible and easy to use.
Even Amazon made Nova accessible through a simple URL.

Make your products easy to experiment with and people will discover use cases. Make them impossible without some sort of elaborate IT intervention and nobody will notice and they will just go back to ChatGPT or Gemini.
Read 5 tweets
Mar 24
As someone who has spent a lot of time thinking and building in AI education, and sees huge potential, I have been shown this headline a lot

I am sure Alpha School is doing interesting things, but there is no deployed AI tutor yet that drives up test scores like this implies. Image
I am not doubting their test results, but I would want to learn more about the role AI is playing, and what they mean by AI tutor, before attributing their success to AI as opposed to the other dials they are turning.

AI tutoring is still being understood
Google has been doing a lot of work on fine-tuning Gemini for learning, and you can see a good overview of the issues and approaches in their paper (which also tests some of our work on tutor prompts). arxiv.org/abs/2412.16429Image
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Read 4 tweets
Mar 15
I suspect that a lot of "AI training" in companies and schools has become obsolete in the last few months

As models get larger, the prompting tricks that used to be useful are no longer good; reasoners don't play well with Chain-of-Thought; hallucination rates have dropped, etc.
I think caution is warranted when teaching prompting approaches for individual use or if training is trying to define clear lines about tasks where AI is bad/good. Those areas are changing very rapidly.
None of this is the fault of trainers - I have taught my students how to do Chain-of-thought, etc. But we need to start to think about how to teach people to use AI in a world that is changing quite rapidly. Focusing on exploration and use, rather than a set of defined rules.
Read 4 tweets
Mar 8
“GPT-4.5, Give me a secret history ala Borges. Tie together the steel at Scapa Flow, the return of Napoleon from exile, betamax versus VHS, and the fact that Kafka wanted his manuscripts burned. There should be deep meanings and connections”

“Make it better” a few times… Image
It should have integrated the scuttling of the High Seas Fleet better but it knocked the Betamax thing out of the park
Dang, Claude. This is just half the thing.

Full story here: docs.google.com/document/d/1-h…Image
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Read 5 tweets

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