In case anyone who cares about my bad fighting game takes among my followers, give me some likes!
1. Probably The King of Fighters 2002UM, though due to bad netplay I haven't played it nearly as much as OG2k2. After that probably Alpha 2.
2. Hard to say. Got burned out the most on Street Fighter 4. But still enjoyed watching it after. Alpha 3 is incredibly ugly and terrible. Have a love-hate relation with SF3: Third Strike.
3. Baiken in Guilty Gear XX #Reload! Still one of the coolest characters ever.
4. Brawler/Grappler hybrids. Makoto (in 3s at least) is great; I love O. Yashiro, but also slightly less obvious grapplery dudes like Andy in 2k2.
5. Shoto versus Shoto is still really damn enjoyable.
6. Grappler versus zoner, because I'm never the zoner in that Matchup. I find it enjoyable to watch though.
7. 2k2UM by just its sheer size and all the badass KOF characters in it it has the best roster.
8. Seichuusen godanzuki!
Other than that I'm a huge fan of great "buttons", especially far reaching beefy mids. Whip st.CD, Rose cr.MP, all of Ralf's buttons in 98 ever, Makoto's https://t.co/k65Wg3pm0U, man...
9. I would love a KOF vs Street Fighter with KOF mechanics. That seems like fun. KOF vs Melty blood with some hybrid between those two systems seems awesome too.
10. I would put 3s Makoto in a different game. If that's cheating, I would make Yashiro's cr.A to st.B chain less annoying.
11. Like DLC costumes? I've never been into that shit. Way too distracting and weird. I want the costume that the character ships with. That being said, C color O. Yashiro in 2k2 is awesome.
12. Favourite fighting game storyline? People actually play fighting games for the storyline? I literally have no idea.
13. I don't really care for fighting game announcers. Capcom versus SNK 2's is okay in how over the top ridiculous it is.
14. Iori's 月を見るたび 思い出せ (tsuki o mirutabi omoidase, "whenever you see the moon, remember me!"), mostly because it's iconic, despite being totally cringy.
15. Who the hell has 1-hit KOs? I suppose Haohmaru is VERY satisfying if he hits a max damage heavy slash. Can that 1-hit KO? If not, Kenshiro's hokuto hyakuretsu ken, of course.
16. Favorite rivalry? I'm pretty sure I'd have to care about the story to have that. Let's say Alex & Hugo because their pre-fight animation is cool.
17. No idea about favourite character intro, don't we all skip those?
18. Ichigeki Hissatsu!
19. Favourite character reveal... Most games I love didn't do big character reveals and if they did it happened way before I started playing them. I vaguely remember being excited about Classic Iori in KOF13... though honestly I like Claw Iori better.
20. Favourite fighting game mechanic: Easy, KOF short hop.
21. I would love for Yashiro / the whole Orochi team to be back on a KOF roster.
22. I'd swap third strikes parry for Alpha 2's alpha counters... That would probably break the game, but I love the game feel of 3s, but I really don't think parries were ever a good mechanic. I've always liked Alpha 2 counters in that they so boldly do a shitton of damage.
23. Ditch only one game from one franchise? Man I could easily ditch whole franchises. I don't care for Mortal Kombat, nor for Tekken. KOF has so many shitty iterations that it's very easy to ditch some of those too, I'll ditch 2k1, 2k3 easy.
24. SF4 Makoto is the *worst*, I don't even think she's bad, but just so slow and bleh and feels nothing like 3s Makoto. OG2k2 K' is also really really terrible.
25. I do really love the 3s sound track, though much of Guilty Gear XX is fantastic too. Alpha 2 is dear to my heart. KOF98 is good too. Many so many good OSTs in fighting games!
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
This article examines a famous passage in the Hadith that related the canonization of the Quran, where the Uthmanic committee has a disagreement on how to write the word for "Ark".
Insight into loan strategies elucidates the passage.
In the Quran today the Ark of the Covenant is spelled التابوت and pronounced al-tābūt. This is a loanword from the Aramaic tēḇōṯ-ā, likely via Gəʿəz tābōt.
However, reports (which go back to Ibn Šihāb al-Zuhrī (d. 124/741-2)) tell us there was a controversy on how to spell it.
The Medinan Zayd b. Ṯābit wanted to spell it with a final hāʾ: التابوه, while his Quraši colleagues insisted it should be spelled التابوت.
They take it up with ʿUṯmān who says: the Quran was revealed in the Quraysh dialect, so it should be written according to it.
Ibn al-Bawwāb's quran, following the Classical Arabic orthography (rather than the rasm), spells ʾalif maqṣūrah before suffixes with ʾalif rather than (the Uthmanic) yāʾ. However, sometimes it does not, e.g. in Q79 here: مرساها, تخشاها, ضحاها, BUT: ذكريها. What gives? 🧵
Turns out there is a beautiful perfectly regular distribution!
The Ibn al-Bawwāb Quran is written according to the transmission of al-Dūrī from the reading of ʾAbū ʿAmr.
ʾAbū ʿAmr treats such ʾalifāt maqṣūrah is a special way. He reads them as /ā/ most of the time...
But he reads with ʾimālah, i.e. /ē/ whenever a /r/ precedes.
When the word stands in rhyme position, the /ā/ of such words is pronounced bayna lafẓay, i.e. /ǟ/.
And this distribution explains the spelling in the screenshot above, and throughout this manuscript!
If you look in a printed muṣḥaf today, and you're familiar with modern Arabic orthography, you will immediately be struck that many of the word are spelled rather strangely, and not in line with the modern norms.
This is both an ancient and a very modern phenomenon. 🧵
On the two page spread in the previous post alone there are 25 (if I didn't miss any) words that are not spelled the way we would "expect" them to.
The reason for this is because modern print editions today try to follow the Uthmanic rasm.
During the third caliph Uthman's reign, in the middle of the 7th century, he established an official standard of the text. This text was written in the spelling norms of the time. This spelling is called the rasm.
But since that time the orthographic norms of Arabic changed.
As some of you may know, I don't have a particularly high opinion of Arabic101, but now he's wading into the manuscript fray...
Will be live-tweeting facepalms as I go through it.
0:14 "what you see is 100% identical today to any Muṣḥaf".
Minor gripe. It's identical to the Madani Muṣḥaf, but not really to the Kufan, Basran or Damascene. But still 99.9% so this is really nitpicky.
0:43 "Re-phrased Ayat/Removed words/Added words" is of course anachronistic. It implies that the text we have today is more original than the Sanaa Palimpsest. Not much to suggest that.
In his 2020 book, Shady Nasser spends a chapter on a 'survival of the fittest' model of canonization of the reading traditions, arguing that over time the "majority transmission" tended to win out.
He choses a rather unusual example to illustrate this. 🧵
On page 25, Nasser tries to present an evolutionary model, with natural selection, by which some transmission paths of the seven readers become 'canonical', while others don't. One of these is that one "drops out" when diverging from the standard reading of the group...
As an illustration of this divergence from the standard, he cites what he considers a non-canonical reading among the seven, namely the imalah of an-nēsi, which is a variant reading transmitted for Abū Ṭāhir ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. ʿUmar al-Bazzār (d. 349/960).
Ibn Ḫālawayh's (d. 380) Kitāb al-Badīʿ is an interesting book on the Qirāʾāt because it's the earliest surviving work that tries to simplify the transmissions of the readings, and does it rather differently from what becomes popular, the system of Ibn Ġalbūn the father (d. 389)
Ibn Ḫālawayh was Ibn Muǧāhid's student, who is widely held to be the canonizer of the seven reading traditions. Ibn Muǧāhid's book is the earliest book on the 7 reading traditions. But canon or not, Ibn Ḫālawayh's book actually describes 8 (adding Yaʿqūb).
Today the simplified system (and the only surviving one) is the "two-rawi canon". Each of the 7 readers, have two standard transmitters (all of them were once transmitter by more transmitters than those two). This system was introduced by ʾAbū al-Ṭayyib Ibn Ġalbūn in his ʾiršād.