It's been 10 years since #OxyContin was re-engineered to make it hard to crush. But #publichealth benefits are still unclear. Here is a brief video of the epidemiology challenges.
A *product-centric* worldview, holds that abuse deterrence is primarily the property of the drug, and that that is the PRIMARY thing that changed with the reformulation, especially in the immediate aftermath.
A *person-centric* view holds that abuse deterrence is not merely a property of the drug, but rather an interaction between engineering and society, between physiochemical properties and point-of-prescribing medical decisions.
We must consider if abuse deterrence is inherent property of the drug itself, or if its intended effect lies in an interaction w/social context. If we accept it is more than a biochemical property, label language becomes more challenging, albeit w/potential to be more accurate.
Apologies for leaving @JohnRxBrown off the credits list! Didn’t realize you were on Tw. John conducted the analyses and surveys I presented along with Trish Freeman @UK_COP.
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
1 🚨Attention please: Turns out #xylazine is a kappa opioid. This validates experience from frontline folks and PWUD. Fresh science from collaborators @nanopharmNC @MadiganLBedard @zenbrainest
Pre-print:
Public health 🧵 below
#TwitteRx #harmreductionbiorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Check out @nanopharmNC's explainer on the lab science. I'll breakdown the #publichealth implications.
@nanopharmNC Basic pharmacology. Mu is the opioid receptor in the brain we usually talk about when we say “opioid” – but there are others. Kappa is less popular, but still very much an opioid receptor. HOWEVER, it’s NOT canonically linked to opioid euphoria.
Let's talk #nalmefene for OD reversal, an old generic drug in new expensive clothes. FDA approved Rx-only nasal spray today. Will this help prevent overdose deaths in the fentanyl-xylazine-strongbenzo era?
Nalmefene was developed in the 1980s by erstwhile Key Pharma in Miami, with help from scientists at @UVA europepmc.org/article/med/39…
It was marketed as an injectable by Baxter Pharma as Revex for alcohol dependence, initially approved in April 1995 and "discontinued on May 21, 2008, for business reasons."
2. Most commonly... Fentanyl and #xylazine in combo, about 3:1.
We don't see xylazine-related synthesis impurities but do see fentanyl impurities, so our hypothesis is that xyl is being added intentionally in pure form.
Example from Lexington NC: streetsafe.supply/results/p/3003…
Y'all ready for this? 🍿👊 #NarcanAdCom about to pop off
Use this # to follow today's updates
CONCEPT
The culmination of 2 decades of advocacy to make naloxone OTC
REALITY
2 decades of advocacy erased by overdose crisis profiteers $EBS
Right out the gate, FDA frames this as a solution for saving kids from overdose. Guess that’s why there are so many pediatric anesthesiologists on the AdCom
In the review of the history FDA forgets to credit the people (like Dan Bigg) who invented the intervention
@US_FDA@DrCaliff_FDA listened to harm reduction programs and made it infinitely easier to purchase #naloxone in bulk. With 100,000+ overdose deaths each year, we need BIG solutions.
“There are a lot of abandoned people who were on pain medications, who cannot get access to adequate pain management anymore, and are therefore, increasingly, turning to the street. We hear those stories every day.”
Thanks to @ibdgirl76@LelenaPeacock and others who have shared with me many stories about abandoned CPP. This article from @TaraLaw27 is a solid starting point to recentering folks in pain who can’t get the help they deserve.
To be clear, overdose deaths now mostly involve unregulated street drugs. Those who are dying are heterogenous: people who were on Rx opioids for years, people who never got a single script, suicides from lack of pain ctrl, and occasional users w/o tolerance.