Start with one of international relations primary models for war: bargaining theory
The idea is the following: since war is costly (think of all the millions of people Mattis feared would die in a 🇰🇵🇺🇸 war), states have an incentive to "strike a bargain" that avoids war.
But this doesn't always happen...with devastating consequences
Bargaining theory is really useful for understanding why a deal isn't reached. Reasons include (i) beliefs that the other side is bluffing about resolve/acceptable deals, or (ii) unwillingness to believe that the other side can stick to a deal.
Or the "Security Dilemma": arming yourself out of fear of others' arms (for what ever reason that fear comes about) doesn't tell you when and why you start actually using those arms against one another (cc @JenniferMitzen)
In short, we are fortunate that war was avoided in August 2017. The missiles of August 2017 could have been far more devastating than the guns of August 1914.
But why one August ended in "peace" and the other in "war" is still a puzzle to international relations scholars.
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When you hear "Liberal International Order", just think "the G-7, for better and for worse"
[THREAD]
While some scholars and policy makers like to speak of the "Liberal International Order" as the collection of post-World War II international institutions.... cambridge.org/core/journals/…
...the phrase itself is much more recent in origins, largely a product of the mid-1990s.
As I wrote in my latest for @WPReview, shifting patterns in population growth will inevitably influence international politics. worldpoliticsreview.com/global-demogra…
This isn't a new idea. It's one found in classic works on change in world politics.
I pointed out the difficulties in answering that question, namely that we don't actually know when deterrence works (i.e. selection bias)... tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.108…
R2P is "the responsibility to protect its populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity". This means nations can't hide behind the barrier of "sovereignty" to stop interventions.