Tomorrow I'm speaking @yale_eeb on "Network Theory and COVID-19." My goal is to pull a thread across the 10+ papers we've written on the topic & convince you that #COVID19 became a pandemic because the world does not understand complex systems. h/t to my host @big_data_kane. 1/13
First, building from foundational work in math. epi. and network science, we showed how super-spreading creates havoc for pandemic risk predictions and then derive a method for correcting the predictions. 2/13
Second, how de-coupling the risk of infection from transmission breaks the friendship paradox, which most (non-mass-action) herd immunity thresholds rely on & can mean that backwards case investigation is more important than forward contact tracing. 3/13
Forth, that real-time mobility data during one of the largest human population disruptions in history--i.e., the cordon sanitaire of Wuhan, China--revealed the complex epidemiological dynamics of #COVID19. 5/13
Fifth, the way in which human behavior and policy interventions (or lack thereof) interacted to shape mobility patterns and physical distancing during lockdowns. 6/13
Sixth, why visits to places like churches and parks reveal the epidemiological risks associated with heterogeneous policies regarding non-pharmaceutical interventions. 7/13
Seventh, using data from >300k US survey responses to show how mask wearing affects COVID-19 transmission (pre-print and formal tweets coming soon). 8/13
Eighth, why, now, more than ever, understanding the non-SEIR dynamics of #COVID19 and the *potential* role of environmental transmission is critical. 9/13
Ninth, that classic ecological theory on crowding predicts the intensity & duration of #COVID19 epidemics and that hierarchical structure in mobility and social networks may be a critical driver of this pandemic (as predicted by network scientists). medrxiv.org/content/10.110… 10/13
Lastly, how an international consortium has compiled, what Steven Johnson in The New York Times Magazine, describes as what "may well be the single most accurate portrait of the virus’s [#COVID19's] spread through the human population in existence." 11/13
I'm excited & also nervous. Nervous because the work we've done stands on the shoulders of so many giants (including one my PhD advisors @meyerslab, which is where the title comes from) & it may take an hour just to acknowledge collaborators/funders. 12/13 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
And excited because so many of us are convinced that the work of complex systems and network scientists matters more than ever. I can't wait to tell the world why and it starts tomorrow @Yale. 13/13
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2/ For those following #H5N1 in CA, there have been positive farms there since late Aug.
@globaldothealth we're working w/ @ThinkGlobalHlth and @CFR_org to maintain a timeline of key events. This tracking allows us to better piece together signals. thinkglobalhealth.org/article/timeli…
3/ I'm concerned about the H5 wastewater signal because it lags far behind the uptick in farms and is better correlated with the rapid rise in human infections. thinkglobalhealth.org/article/timeli…
2/ Milk is pasteurized by heating it briefly to ~72 C (161F). This inactivates pathogens, but does filter the milk. As a result, there can be degraded genomic material from pathogens following pasteurization. PCR, as was done by the FDA, can detect these degraded genomes.
3/ Numerous peer-reviewed studies have found that pasteurization will inactivate influenza A virus, including #H5N1. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
2/ As you may know, avian influenza doesn't readily infect humans (and doesn't transmit well from human-to-human) in part because of subtle differences in key cell surface receptors. journals.asm.org/doi/full/10.11…
3/ However, our eyes actually contain the bird-flu-friendly confirmation of the cell surface receptor. This is why eye inflammation is often a symptom of avian influenza infection in humans. thelancet.com/journals/lanin…
2/ Following a convening of @RockefellerFdn's Global Wastewater Action Group, we partnered w/ @MathematicaNow and surveyed representatives of wastewater monitoring programs in 43 countries (16 LMICs, 27 HICs) spanning six continents (when I said "all" I didn't count Antartica).
3/ In high-income countries, composite sampling at centralized treatment plants was most common, whereas grab sampling from surface waters, open drains, and pit latrines was more typical in low-income and middle-income countries.
1/ Data from @WastewaterSCAN shows that rates of SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza have dropped precipitously from their winter peaks!
We still have a ways to go, but things are clearly headed in the right direction.
2/ Although for SARS-CoV-2 we've been hovering at peak levels for over a month and we need to see at least another month of continuously falling prevalence before we're back to more "baseline" levels.
3/ And note how *LONG* the RSV outbreak has been in the US.
We've been above 25% of the peak height for >3 months!