Adil Haque Profile picture
Sep 23, 2020 4 tweets 2 min read Read on X
Inclusive legal positivists just letting morality right into the criteria of legal validity

Moral facts absolutely determining legal facts rn
Legal facts are just moral facts at this point
There are no legal facts. There are only moral facts.

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More from @AdHaque110

May 17
And we're off. Gilad Noam striking a more combative different tone than in January.
Objects to the short timeline. Says the rest of the legal team was unavailable today. Asked to reschedule, was denied. Notes that SA changed its first request. Image
Opens by reframing facts. Israel is fighting a war of self-defense, rocket fire ongoing. Rafah is a Hamas stronghold. 120 rockets fired last two weeks, hostages likely held. Says Palestinians will be "liberated" only if Hamas is defeated in Rafah.
Invokes self-defense, says civilians and hostages are human shields. Says there has not been a major assault on Rafah, only targeted operations.
Read 27 tweets
May 17
Not bad. My take:

1. In January, the ICJ found a real and imminent risk of irreparable prejudice to the right of the Palestinians to be protected from acts of genocide.

In March, seven judges found there is a risk to their very existence.

bbc.com/news/articles/…
2. The Court found "plausible" the rights claimed by South Africa.

For some judges, that just means it's plausible that the rights exist under international law (obvi).

For other judges, that also means it's plausible that the rights have been violated.
3. In other words, some judges think provisional measures are all about preventing harm and preserving rights, and shouldn't even touch the merits of the case.

Other judges think the Court shouldn't grant interim relief if a case is obviously baseless.
Read 5 tweets
May 14
Quick 🧵 on the new ICJ hearings on Gaza:

1. The Court faces two basic questions:

- Has the situation changed since March 28, creating further risk of irreparable prejudice that its prior orders do not fully address?

- If so, what should the Court order now?
2. South Africa argues:

- Rafah is the last refuge for civilians. An attack will kill thousands. So will mass expulsion (from starvation and disease).

- Israel now controls all land crossings.

- New evidence of IDF practices indicates further risk of genocidal killing.
Image
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3. SA requests the Court to order Israel

- to immediately withdraw and cease its military offensive in the Rafah Governorate

- ensure and facilitate unimpeded humanitarian access, plus allow fact-finding missions, investigators, and journalists

- report back on compliance Image
Read 11 tweets
Jan 29
Short 🧵 on the ICJ's order and self-defense.

1. The Court mentions self-defense twice, when it summarizes Israel's arguments (a) that the Court lacks prima facie jurisdiction and (b) that the rights claimed by South Africa are not plausible.

The Court rejected both arguments.
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2. When the Court turns to South Africa's request that it order Israel to suspend military operations, the Court does not mention Israel's argument that this order would impair its right of self-defense.

It only mentions Israel's argument that this order would reverse precedent.
Image
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3. Israel invoked the Bosnia case for the proposition that, when genocidal acts allegedly occur in the context of an armed conflict, the Court should order the prevention and punishment of the genocidal acts but not the suspension of all military operations. Image
Read 7 tweets
Jan 4
The Israel-Hamas conflict has not changed IHL itself. But note:

1. The Oct 27 UNGA resolution identified Israel as the occupying Power in Gaza.

Though not conclusive, this is substantial State practice supporting the 'functional' approach to the persistence of occupation.
Image
2. The same UNGA resolution, as well as the Dec. 22 UNSC resolution, affirm that IHL requires both parties to allow and facilitate humanitarian relief.
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3. This is significant because Israel has argued that it is taking advantage of an exception to its legal obligation, reflected in GC IV art. 23.

gov.il/en/Departments…

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Read 7 tweets
Dec 7, 2023
A few thoughts:

1. All States have a legal obligation to cooperate to bring to an end through lawful means any serious breach by a State of an obligation arising under a peremptory norm of general international law (jus cogens).
Image
2. The basic rules of international humanitarian law are peremptory norms.

For example, the prohibition of starvation is undoubtably a basic rule.

So is wilfully impeding relief supplies short of starvation, I would argue. Image
3. Israel's violation of these basic rules is gross and systematic, and therefore serious.

So all States have a legal obligation to bring Israel's violations to an end.
Read 8 tweets

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