Norway has a massive land carbon sink (green). Why?
In the 1960s there was a massive tree planting program, but this does explain all the sink. Other factors at play: higher temperatures, longer growing season, higher CO₂ concentration, nitrogen deposition, less grazing.
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This is a core issue when it comes to using carbon sinks in climate targets like the EU now has.
Should Norway, or any other country, offset their fossil emissions because they have already changed the climate? Doesn't it sort of defeat the purpose?
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The challenge is to isolate management effects, but this is really hard to separate from environmental effects. There is no rule on what defines a managed forest. These issues have plagued scientists & negotiators for decades.
Record high emissions means record high radiative forcing.
We have you covered, we also include aerosols (SO2, etc) & have done so for decades. Also shipping!
Short-lived aerosols are important, but should not distract from the drivers of change: greenhouse gas emissions!
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Most of the energy put into the system ends in the ocean (90%), so the Ocean Heat Content (OHC) has been increasing along with emissions and radiative forcing.
This also means the Earth Energy Imbalance is also increasing.
This question is ambiguous: "How high above pre-industrial levels do you think average global temperature will rise between now and 2100?"
* ...pre-industrial... between "now and 2100"?
* Where we are currently heading or where we could head? This is largely a policy question?
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One of the key arguments that Norway uses to continue oil & gas developments, is that under BAU it is expected that oil & gas production will decline in line with <2°C scenarios, even with continued investment.
Let's look closer at these projections & reality...
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Here is the projections from the 2003 report from the petroleum agency.
In reality (tweet 1) there was a dip around 2010, but production is now up around 250 million cubic again.
The forecast was totally & utterly WRONG!
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In 2011 there was a forecast for an increase in production to 2020, but then a decline. This is probably since they started to put the Johan Sverdrup field on the books.
The increase in production was way too low, again, they got it wrong.