Thread: The "Football" is a dangerous anachronism. The risk of a bolt-out-of-the-blue attack remains extremely low (as it was throughout the Cold War). There is no need for a president to be able to order a nuclear strike on a moment’s notice in order to deter or respond to one.
The "Football" creates a false sense of urgency—not least because at any given time, 4-5 invulnerable Trident submarines are on alert in the Atlantic and Pacific, each capable of launching in as little as 5-15 minutes up to 20 SLBMs carrying a total of 80-100 warheads.
The constant presence of the "Football" at the president's side perpetuates a mindset that could—especially in a crisis—lead to catastrophic, irreversible mistakes. And it sends counterproductive signals to the rest of the world about continuing US dependence on nuclear weapons.
It's hard—impossible, really—for the United States to demand that other countries abandon their pursuit of nuclear weapons or eliminate those they already have when it insists on keeping the proverbial button for ending the world within shouting distance of the president 24/7.
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Today in 1986, 680 miles northeast of Bermuda, the Soviet Yankee 1-class ballistic missile submarine K-219 was on patrol when seawater leaked into a missile tube, triggering an explosion of the missile's volatile liquid fuel that killed three sailors and crippled the submarine.
Under very dangerous conditions, the crew managed to shut down the submarine's reactors and stabilize it. Captain Igor Britanov was ordered to have the K-219 towed by freighter 4,300 miles to its homeport of Gadzhiyevo (near Murmansk), but it flooded and sank three days later.
The K-219's two reactors, 16 SLBMs, and 32-48 warheads sank 18,000 feet to the bottom of the Hatteras Abyssal Plain. In 1988, the Soviet research ship Keldysh found the sub upright but broken in two. Several missile hatches were open and the missiles and warheads were missing.
This afternoon in 1957, at the closed city of Chelyabinsk-65 near Kyshtym in the Southern Urals, a stainless steel tank holding 70-80 tons of highly-radioactive waste left over from processing plutonium for nuclear weapons exploded, releasing 20 million curies of radioactivity.
While the explosion was chemical in nature (much of the liquid waste evaporated over time, leaving behind a volatile dry mixture of sodium nitrate and sodium acetate), a brief nuclear criticality may have initiated it. The explosion's size has been estimated at 5-100 tons of TNT.
The explosion completely destroyed the tank and damaged two adjacent ones. About 90 percent of the radioactive waste fell to the ground in the immediate vicinity of the tank, while about 10 percent was lofted by the wind in a plume up to 1 kilometer high and 300 kilometers long.
Today in 1979, a US Vela nuclear-test-monitoring satellite detected the distinctive double-flash signature of a nuclear explosion over the South Atlantic. Although a White House scientific panel later dismissed the possibility, many speculated it was a clandestine Israeli test.
In 2018, two researchers published a forensic analysis detailing "strong" and convincing radionuclide and hydroacoustic evidence of a low-yield nuclear test that, when combined with the original Vela optical data, pointed conclusively toward a test. scienceandglobalsecurity.org/archive/sgs26d…
For the 40th anniversary last year, @ForeignPolicy published a special section of eight articles by six experts examining relevant declassified documents and data and explaining "the political and strategic objectives of the key players at the time ...." foreignpolicy.com/2019/09/22/bla…
Today in 1980 ~3:00am, a Titan II ICBM exploded in silo near Damascus, Arkansas, more than 8 hours after a worker dropped a large socket, puncturing a fuel tank. The explosion destroyed the missile and silo, killed one, and hurled its 9-Mt warhead through the 750-ton silo doors.
This was the second serious US nuclear accident at a Strategic Air Command base in five days:
Note also the unintentionally ironic below-the-fold headline in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch that day, beneath the article about the catastrophic accident: “Would Use A-Bomb If Necessary To Defend U.S., Carter Warns.”
Tonight in 1980 at Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota, the number five engine on the right wing of a B-52 on ground alert caught fire during a drill. The aircraft was loaded with 8 Short-Range Attack Missiles (armed with 170-200-kt W69 warheads) and 4 B28 bombs (70 kt to 1.45 Mt).
That night, a southeast wind gusted up to 35 mph. The B-52 pointed in that direction. That alone kept the flames away from the fuselage. Had the nose been facing west, the fire would have incinerated all six crew members as they evacuated and burned the weapons in the bomb bay.
The fire burned for three hours. It was only extinguished when a civilian base fire inspector boarded the B-52 and shut off the fuel. Had the nukes caught fire and their conventional high explosives detonated, a radioactive plume would have drifted over Grand Forks and beyond.
Today in 1954, for its ninth nuclear test, the USSR staged a live-fire nuclear wargame near Totskoye, ~600 mi. SE of Moscow. At 9:33am local time, a 40-kt A-bomb was detonated 1,150 ft. in the air between two groups of soldiers, some just 2 mi. from blast.
The roughly 45,000 soldiers were then ordered into mock battle under highly radioactive conditions for the remainder of the day. Most had no protective equipment and were not warned about the dangers. Some who were issued gas masks removed them in the oppressive 115F (46C) heat.
Exposures were reportedly ten times the maximum allowable level for US soldiers for a year. The 1,000,000 people who lived within 100 miles of the blast were given no warning at all. For more about this "monstrous" exercise, see: washingtonpost.com/archive/politi…