Jinnah raised Qns which are still relevant. As the largest religious minority in world, IM are one of the major victims of majoritarian democracy. It is political struggle of these 100s of mns of besieged Ms which will define the meaning of plural demc for the coming centuries
Does my neighbour have the right to make laws on my behalf, without any qualification or limitation, just because he is my neighbour?
Can the minority against whom prejudice is rampant in the majority surrender all its rights based on the false assurances of majority leaders?
Can two communities be called one nation when they do not intermarry or even inter-dine?
Can a strong Centre be allowed to be dominated by a community which outnumbers you three to one in this vast subcontinent without any provisions for veto from the minority side?
Can the majority amend the constitution unilaterally because it has a three-fourths majority?
Could a few provinces not decide to secede in this context, because they fear injustice and unfair treatment, like the provinces of north-west and east?
On all of these questions, even the most liberal individuals turn into die-hard nationalists and start talking of unity of India, brotherhood of masses etc. However, I think these questions are just the starting point of a larger debate which will inevitably take place again
and again, as the situation of Indian Muslims is made to worsen
Western European & France Leader who continue to speak and behave as if increased funding for national-level, EC-wide social-welfare programs Will coerce the perfection of the thinking of all Europeans.
They confront Muslims with aggressive war on Islam who are alerady
confronting and are angered by Europe’s racism and aggressive war on religion.
“Contemporary Europe is the closest to a godless civilization the world has ever known,. ......They assume that living without God is the ultimate destiny of the human race…. The Europeans find it
hard to believe dt ppl can still tk God seriously & want to shape their society according to his dictates."(Mark lilla)
They are still working on French goal: 'for trying to mandate through universal laws & coercive reg the perfection of dt absolutely nonperfectible entity, man'.
FOE isn't absolute in France there are Laws governing that people have been punished for violating those laws. Laws are framed keeping in mind citizen who live in the country and Every socio-cultural group or community has certain sensibilities they hold dear it's just part
of being human in case of Muslims it's not allowing visual representations of the Prophet (pbuh).
As long as these protocols aren't harming anyone, as long as they aren't creating social disharmony or posing as a hindrance to other people's lives, the decent thing to do is to
respect them but If you intentionally go out of your way to disrespect these sensibilities just to get a reaction, or make some kind of statement knowing well recent events, politicans should Amend laws instead of taking advantage of situation bcz it will fetch votes
Ambedkar realised that the problem of caste would only be further entrenched unless Untouchables were able to organise, mobilise and become a political constituency with their own representatives, while arguing for "Separate Electorate"
He believed that reserved seats for Untouchables within the Hindu fold, or within the Congress, would just produce pliable candidates—servants who knew how to please their masters.
The right of representation and the right to hold office under the State are the two most important rights that make up citizenship. But the untouchability of the untouchables puts these rights far beyond their reach. In a few places they do not even possess such insignificant
Jinnah argued that we would be able to become a nation only if we could make the minority community feel secure.
The most important points on which there was contention between Congress and Muslim League were about Muslim representation, electorates and Centre-province relations
These were the issues around which most Muslim parties were seeking assurance from the Congress for more than two decades.
Most Muslim parties demanded a guarantee for Muslim representation in legislature, services and military. A share in administration was sought to be fixed
so that they are not left behind because of discrimination, which was a real danger in the context of repeated anti-Muslim mob violence.
More importantly, Jinnah as the ML president, demanded that Congress agree to fix the Muslim share in military constitutionally, as he
The BJP is supposed to be the epitome of communal hate politics and anybody in opposition to it automatically gets the label of secular.
It is this popular liberal narrative that helps other party to be perceived as Secular, Facts often fall to pieces along the way.
Once the image stuck, people saw and believed whatever they wanted to.
That is how perceptions are formed. It has little to do with reality. If one cares to look closely at the statistics, the secular image of most mainstream 'secular party' is nothing more than a fallacy.
Riots in India have been used to push the minority to the periphery of society while ferrying them to patronising political parties.
In essence, minorities have become single issue voters focusing entirely on their security in society
Saare jahaan se achcha Hindostaan hamaaraa
Hum bulbulein hain is ki, yeh gulsitaan hamaaraa
Ghurbat mein ho agar hum, rehtaa hai dil watan mein
Samjho wahin humein bhi, dil ho jahaan hamaara
Parbat woh sabse ooncha, humsaayaa aasmaan ka
Woh santari hamaaraa, woh paasbaan hamaaraa
Godi mein khelti hain is ki hazaaron nadiyaan
Gulshan hai jinke dum se rashk-e-jinaan hamaaraa
Ae aab-e-rood-e-Ganga! Woh din hain yaad tujhko
Utraa tere kinaare jab kaarwaan hamaaraa
Mazhab nahin sikhaataa aapas mein bair rakhnaa
Hindi hain hum, watan hain, Hindostaan hamaaraa
Yoonaan-o-Misr-o-Roma sab mit gaye jahaan se
Ab tak magar hai baaqi naam-o-nishaan hamaaraa
Kuch baat hai ke hasti mit-ti nahin hamaari
Sadiyon rahaa hai dushman, daur-e-zamaan hamaaraa