99 years ago, India's greatest cartoonist RK Laxman was born in Mysore. Like all cartoonists, he wasn't afraid to take on the establishment. A thread 👇
1954. Nehru announcing that the days of France and Portugal (shown as 2 chimpanzees) in Pondicherry and Goa are almost over.
Did Indians ever fight against Hindi?
Haan BC, WE DID!
1965. Anti-Hindi students' riots in Tamil Nadu after the home minister announced that Hindi will replace English. Prime Minister LB Shastri later clarified that the language policy of Nehru will still continue.
After Shastri's death, Indira Gandhi was appointed as party leader based on the preference of the party's Chief Ministers. Not recognising their opinions, Morarji Desai refused to quit the contest.
22 February 1968.
After Pakistan's illegal occupation of Rann of Kutch, a UN tribunal awarded 90% of the territory to India, but the crucial 10% including key elevation point like Kanjarkot and Dhara Bani were given to Pakistan.
*Don't miss the wordplay: Kutch/Clutch bag*
RK Laxman never minced words on what he thought of Indira Gandhi.
1970. With her constant cabinet reshuffles she established that "she wasnt just the first among equals. She was the boss."
8 September, 1970.
"It's a democracy as long as the leader wins".
When the Bill to abolish the Privy Purse lost by a fraction of a vote (149 votes vs required votes of 149.33), Indira Gandhi still got the bill passed through an ordinance.
Here he commented on US President Gerald Ford who was notorious for constantly tripping and falling, and his trip to India was cancelled.
1975.
The government censored the media, ensuring only that a picture of peace, prosperity and progress was presented.
Very different times those were.
During the Indira Gandhi rule, Sanjay Gandhi had bulldozed slums in Delhi and driven across the Yamuna.
When Indira Gandhi lost the 1977 elections, Laxman drew Sanjay Gandhi sitting in a stroller pushed by his mother moving across the Yamuna.
1982.
Giani Zail Singh was appointed as President of India, widely believed that he was chosen because he was a loyalist to Indira Gandhi.
"If my leader had said I should pick up a broom and be a sweeper, I would have done that. She chose me to be President"
Rajiv Gandhi's frequent vacation trips.
TN Seshan seeking support from Shiv Sena but failed to do so. Laxman's cartoon hinted that Seshan would probably seek support from gangster-turned-politician Arun Gawli.
1991.
Finance minister Dr.Manmohan Singh had to seek help from IMF to bail india out of the economic crisis, which was known to armtwist developing countries into tough deals on borrowed loans.
Today is the 98th birth anniversary of one of India's finest directors Hrishikesh Mukherjee.
A short 🧵about his life and films.
We all know of Hrishida's contribution to the Hindi film industry, but did you know he has been involved in a lot of celebrated movies down south. In fact, Filmfare South gave him a life time achievement award in 1994, something he never received from Bombay Filmfare.
He edited the Malayalam classic Chemmeen. This movie is interesting as it also had the music from another Bengali legend - Salil Chowdhury.
If you care about the environment, this one's for you.
Today in 1962, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring was published.
Named one of the greatest science books of all time, Silent Spring highlighted the damage done to nature due to excess chemical and pesticide usage.
Rachel Carson was born in an impoverished family in Pennsylvania. She didn't have a PhD and she didn't have a Y chromosome.
The odds were stacked against her as she went about her massive endeavour of telling inconvenient truths to those in power.
She spoke of how the copious usage of DDT at that time led to declining bird populations and how that in turn had a cascade effect on nature, which, if unchecked would lead to disastrous consequences for all life on earth.
In 1979, a minor miscalculation led to the failure of the SLV mission. While Kalam and his team sat dejected and heartbroken, Satish Dhawan took the failure upon himself and declared to the press that his team would definitely succeed the next time.
When the mission succeeded in 1980, Satish Dhawan sent Kalam to conduct the press meet without his presence, so that the entire credit was attributed to Kalam’s team.
Needless to say, Kalam nurtured a deep sense of reverence for Prof Dhawan throughout his lifetime.
Sep 23 1994 saw the limited release of what today is the number 1 movie on @IMDb.
We are going to do what we are good at - a thread of #FunFacts about Shawshank Redemption.
The prison was the Ohio State Reformatory in Mansfield, which had closed. The same prison was also used in the films Air Force One and Tango and Cash, as well as the TV show House.
Dennis Baker, who had been the assistant to the warden of the Ohio State Reformatory in real life, has a cameo appearance in the scene where Tommy Williams is brought to Shawshank.
While the iconic theme song by @The_Rembrandts (yup they're on twitter) is now an earworm, NBC had considered REM's "Shiny Happy People" as a potential alternative.
Check out what could've been:
The show was originally called "Insomnia Cafe" (hello to all late night putting people!).
David Crane and Martha Kauffman wrote a 7 page pitch with the main couple as Joey and Monica. NBC purchased the pilot, renamed it to "Friends Like Us" then "Six of Us".