Most Execution problems are really 1) Strategy problems, or 2) Interpersonal problems, or 3) Culture problems
Good leaders execute well because they understand this. They fix the root problem.
Bad leaders struggle because they are always applying band-aids.
Of course, at times it is a real Execution problem.
Real Execution problems include:
A) Funding constraints
B) Team skill gaps
C) Tool issues
D) Org structure
E) Process problems
F) External dependencies
G) Technical complexity
H) Coordination complexity
In the majority of cases though, what is initially expressed as an Execution problem isn't an Execution problem at all.
It's more convenient to point a finger at these Execution problems when the root cause is actually a Strategy / Interpersonal / Culture problem.